Sun Teng, Dong Yan-Han, Du Wei, Shi Chun-Ying, Wang Kun, Tariq Muhammad-Akram, Wang Jian-Xun, Li Pei-Feng
Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Mar 31;18(4):745. doi: 10.3390/ijms18040745.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small single-stranded and highly conserved non-coding RNAs, which are closely linked to cardiac disorders such as myocardial infarction (MI), cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and heart failure. A growing number of studies have demonstrated that miRNAs determine the fate of the heart by regulating cardiac cell death and regeneration after MI. A deep understanding of the pathophysiology of miRNA dependent regulatory pathways in these processes is required. The role of miRNAs as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets also needs to be explored in order to utilize them in clinical settings. This review summarizes the role of miRNAs in myocardial infarction and focuses mainly on their influence on cardiomyocyte regeneration and cell death including apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy. In addition, the targets of pro- and anti-MI miRNAs are comparatively described. In particular, the possibilities of miRNA-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for myocardial infarction are discussed in this review.
微小RNA（miRNA）是一类小的单链且高度保守的非编码RNA，其与诸如心肌梗死（MI）、心肌细胞肥大和心力衰竭等心脏疾病密切相关。越来越多的研究表明，miRNA通过调节心肌梗死后的心脏细胞死亡和再生来决定心脏的命运。需要深入了解这些过程中依赖miRNA的调控途径的病理生理学。为了在临床环境中利用miRNA，还需要探索其作为诊断、预后和治疗靶点的作用。本综述总结了miRNA在心肌梗死中的作用，主要关注其对心肌细胞再生和细胞死亡（包括凋亡、坏死和自噬）的影响。此外，还比较描述了促心肌梗死和抗心肌梗死miRNA的靶点。特别是，本综述讨论了基于miRNA的心肌梗死诊断和治疗策略的可能性。
