Wah Saw Thu, Yi Yoon Shwe, Khin Aye Aye, Plabplueng Chotiros, Nuchnoi Pornlada
a Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology , Mahidol University , Bangkok , Thailand.
b Department of Medical Laboratory Technology , University of Medical Technology , Yangon , Myanmar.
Hemoglobin. 2017 Jan;41(1):26-31. doi: 10.1080/03630269.2017.1289103. Epub 2017 Apr 2.
The prevalence of anemia is high in the population of Myanmar and hypochromic microcytic anemia (HMA) is predominant. The objective of our study was to determine the prevalence of anemia and causes of HMA among school children. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 239 children from Thanlyin and Insein Townships, Yangon Region, Myanmar. Complete blood count (CBC) and blood film morphology was examined on venous blood samples. Hypochromic microcytic anemia cases were subsequently analyzed for serum ferritin and cellulose acetate hemoglobin (Hb) electrophoresis. The prevalence of anemia was 46.4%; 27.6% had mild, while 18.8% had moderate anemia, and no case of severe anemia was detected. The mean Hb concentration was 11.7 ± 0.9 g/dL. The younger age group (8-11 years) had a significantly higher prevalence of anemia than the older age group (12-15 years) (p = 0.029). Blood film morphology revealed a 50.6% red blood cell (RBC) disorder; HMA was the most common type (70.2%). Out of 85 children with HMA, three children (3.5%) had iron deficiency and all had comorbidity with Hb AE (β/β) (Hb E trait). Hemoglobin electrophoresis illustrated that Hb AA (β/β) (31, 36.5%) and Hb AE (β/β) trait (31, 36.5%) were the most common types followed by β-thalassemia (β-thal) trait (19, 22.3%) and Hb EE (β/β) (homozygous Hb E; HBB: c.79G>A) (three, 3.5%). Hematocrit [or packed cell volume (PCV)], mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular Hb (MCH) and mean corpuscular Hb concentration (MCHC), showed a significant difference between Hb AE, Hb EE and β-thal trait (p = 0.029, 0.023, 0.015 and 0.01, respectively). Our findings will provide valuable information for the management of anemia in the Myanmar school-age population.
缅甸人群中贫血的患病率很高，其中低色素小细胞性贫血（HMA）最为常见。我们研究的目的是确定学龄儿童中贫血的患病率以及HMA的病因。对来自缅甸仰光省丹林和茵盛镇的239名儿童进行了一项横断面研究。对静脉血样本进行全血细胞计数（CBC）和血涂片形态学检查。随后对低色素小细胞性贫血病例进行血清铁蛋白和醋酸纤维素血红蛋白（Hb）电泳分析。贫血的患病率为46.4%；27.6%为轻度贫血，18.8%为中度贫血，未检测到重度贫血病例。平均Hb浓度为11.7±0.9g/dL。较年轻年龄组（8 - 11岁）的贫血患病率显著高于较年长年龄组（12 - 15岁）（p = 0.029）。血涂片形态学显示50.6%的红细胞（RBC）异常；HMA是最常见的类型（70.2%）。在85例HMA患儿中，3例（3.5%）缺铁，且均合并Hb AE（β/β）（Hb E性状）。血红蛋白电泳显示，Hb AA（β/β）（31例，36.5%）和Hb AE（β/β）性状（31例，36.5%）是最常见的类型，其次是β地中海贫血（β - thal）性状（19例，22.3%）和Hb EE（β/β）（纯合子Hb E；HBB：c.79G>A）（3例，3.5%）。血细胞比容[或红细胞压积（PCV）]、平均红细胞体积（MCV）、平均红细胞血红蛋白（MCH）和平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度（MCHC）在Hb AE、Hb EE和β - thal性状之间存在显著差异（分别为p = 0.029、0.023、0.015和0.01）。我们的研究结果将为缅甸学龄人群贫血的管理提供有价值的信息。
