Matsumoto Mai, Ikemoto Shinji
Department of Human Nutrition, Seitoku University.
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2017;63(1):8-14. doi: 10.3177/jnsv.63.8.
It is well known nutrition education for 3- to 5-y-old children is important, and it is necessary to assess their nutrition knowledge before and after nutrition education to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational program. This study aimed to determine the necessary questions for inclusion in a questionnaire designed to assess the nutrition knowledge of young Japanese children in order to assess the effectiveness of the Shokuiku nutrition education program. Eighty and 124 children from 9 nursery schools in Japan participated in the intervention and control groups, respectively. A 15-item questionnaire was completed by the intervention group before and after total of 16 nutrition education lessons. The control group completed the questionnaire only once. The necessary questions for inclusion in the questionnaire were evaluated by comparing the frequency of correct answers given by the pre- and post-intervention groups using McNemar and Wilcoxon's signed rank sum tests, and by the post-intervention and control groups using Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests. The frequency of correct answers given to questions in all categories except "Breakfast and life rhythm" significantly differed between the pre- and post-intervention groups (p<0.05). The frequency of correct answers given by the post-intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control group only in the category of "Three colors food groups" (p<0.05). The results suggest that it is necessary to include questions about functions of food and nutrients such as the role of food groups to assess the nutrition knowledge of young Japanese children in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the Shokuiku program.
众所周知，对3至5岁儿童进行营养教育很重要，并且有必要在营养教育前后评估他们的营养知识，以评估教育计划的有效性。本研究旨在确定纳入问卷的必要问题，该问卷旨在评估日本幼儿的营养知识，以便评估食育营养教育计划的有效性。来自日本9所幼儿园的80名和124名儿童分别参加了干预组和对照组。干预组在总共16节营养教育课程前后完成了一份包含15个项目的问卷。对照组只完成了一次问卷。通过使用McNemar检验和Wilcoxon符号秩和检验比较干预前和干预后组给出的正确答案频率，以及使用卡方检验和Mann-Whitney检验比较干预后组和对照组给出的正确答案频率，来评估问卷中应包含的必要问题。除“早餐与生活节奏”外，所有类别的问题在干预前和干预后组给出的正确答案频率均有显著差异（p<0.05）。干预后组给出的正确答案频率仅在“三色食物组”类别中显著高于对照组（p<0.05）。结果表明，为了评估食育计划的有效性，有必要纳入关于食物和营养素功能的问题，如食物组的作用，以评估日本幼儿的营养知识。
