State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2017 Dec 15;42(24):E1403-E1409. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0000000000002176.
A cervical spine biomechanical investigation using multibody dynamics.
To develop a comprehensive cervical spine multibody dynamics model incorporated with the force-dependent kinematics (FDK) approach, and to study the influence of soft tissue deformation on the joint loading prediction.
Musculoskeletal multibody dynamics models have been widely used to analyze joint loading. Current cervical spine musculoskeletal models, however, neglect the joint internal motion caused by soft tissue deformation. A novel FDK approach is introduced, which can predict joint internal motion and spinal joint loading simultaneously.
A comprehensive cervical spine musculoskeletal model with the posterior facet joints and essential ligaments was developed. To quantify the influence of soft tissue structures on joint loading prediction, four different models with different features were created. These newly developed models were validated, under flexion-extension movement. The predicted intervertebral disc loads (from C3-C4 to C5-C6) were compared with the published cadaveric experimental results. Moreover, the predicted facet joint forces, ligament forces, and anterior-posterior translations of instantaneous centers of rotation were also studied.
The obtained intervertebral disc loads were varied among different models. Model 3 provided the closest prediction of joint loading to the experimental results. Moreover, the facet joint and ligament forces were in similar range of magnitude as literature findings. The predicted instantaneous centers of rotation translational changes were in accordance with the in vivo kinematics observation.
In the present study, a validated cervical spine musculoskeletal model was developed, using multibody dynamics and FDK approach. It can simulate the function of musculature and consider joint internal motion, and thus provides more reliable joint loading prediction. This newly developed cervical model can be used as an efficient tool to study the biomechanical behaviors of human cervical spine, and to understand the fundamental pathologies of spinal pains.
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多体动力学的颈椎生物力学研究。
开发一种综合的颈椎多体动力学模型，结合力相关运动学（FDK）方法，研究软组织变形对关节载荷预测的影响。
肌肉骨骼多体动力学模型已广泛用于分析关节载荷。然而，目前的颈椎肌肉骨骼模型忽略了由软组织变形引起的关节内部运动。引入了一种新的 FDK 方法，它可以同时预测关节内部运动和脊柱关节载荷。
开发了一个包含后关节面和重要韧带的综合颈椎肌肉骨骼模型。为了量化软组织结构对关节载荷预测的影响，创建了具有不同特征的四个不同模型。这些新开发的模型在屈伸运动下进行了验证。将预测的椎间盘载荷（从 C3-C4 到 C5-C6）与已发表的尸体实验结果进行比较。此外，还研究了预测的关节面力、韧带力和瞬时旋转中心的前后平移。
不同模型得到的椎间盘载荷不同。模型 3 对关节载荷的预测最接近实验结果。此外，关节面和韧带的力与文献中的发现相当。预测的瞬时旋转中心的平移变化与体内运动学观察结果一致。
在本研究中，使用多体动力学和 FDK 方法开发了一种经过验证的颈椎肌肉骨骼模型。它可以模拟肌肉的功能，并考虑关节内部运动，从而提供更可靠的关节载荷预测。这个新开发的颈椎模型可以作为一种有效的工具来研究人类颈椎的生物力学行为，并理解脊柱疼痛的基本病理。
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