赞比亚的母乳代用品营销：评估对国际监管法规的遵守情况。

Marketing of breast-milk substitutes in Zambia: evaluation of compliance to the international regulatory code.

机构信息

School of Public Health, University of Zambia, Box 50110, Lusaka, Zambia.

Chainama College of Health Sciences, Box 33991, Lusaka, Zambia.

出版信息

J Public Health (Oxf). 2018 Mar 1;40(1):e1-e7. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdx023.

DOI:10.1093/pubmed/fdx023

PMID:28369474

Abstract

BACKGROUND

We sought to assess the level of non-compliance with the International Code of Marketing breast-milk substitutes (BMS) and/or Statutory Instrument (SI) Number 48 of 2006 of the Laws of Zambia in two suburbs, Kalingalinga and Chelstone, in Zambia.

METHODS

This was a cross sectional survey. Shop owners (80), health workers (8) and mothers (214) were interviewed. BMS labels and advertisements (62) were observed. The primary outcome was mean non-compliance defined as the number of article violations divided by the total 'obtainable' violations. The score ranges from 0 to 1 with 0 representing no violations in all the articles and one representing violations in all the articles.

RESULTS

A total of 62 BMS were assessed. The mean non-compliance score by manufacturers in terms of violations in labelling of BMS was 0.33 (SD = 0.28; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.40). These violations were mainly due to labels containing pictures or graphics representing an infant. 80 shops were also assessed with mean non-compliance score in respect of violations in tie-in-sales, special display, and contact with mothers at the shop estimated as 0.14 (SD = 0.14; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.18).

CONCLUSIONS

Non-compliance with the Code and/or the local SI is high after 10 years of domesticating the Code.

摘要

背景

我们旨在评估赞比亚两个郊区（卡林加林加和切尔斯通）中，国际母乳代用品销售守则（BMS）和/或赞比亚 2006 年第 48 号法定文书（SI）的遵守情况。

方法

这是一项横断面调查。我们采访了 80 名店主、8 名卫生工作者和 214 名母亲。我们观察了 BMS 标签和广告（62 个）。主要结果是非合规性的平均值，定义为违反规定的文章数量除以“可获得”的违反规定的文章总数。分数范围为 0 到 1，0 表示所有文章均无违规，1 表示所有文章均违规。

结果

共评估了 62 个 BMS。制造商在 BMS 标签违规方面的平均非合规性评分为 0.33（SD = 0.28；95%CI：0.26，0.40）。这些违规行为主要是由于标签包含代表婴儿的图片或图形。还评估了 80 家商店，在捆绑销售、特殊展示以及在商店与母亲接触方面的违规行为平均非合规性评分估计为 0.14（SD = 0.14；95%CI：0.11，0.18）。