Chen Sheng, Luo Jinqi, Reis Cesar, Manaenko Anatol, Zhang Jianmin
Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA; Department of Preventive Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:8584753. doi: 10.1155/2017/8584753. Epub 2017 Mar 8.
Hydrocephalus (HCP) is a common complication in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. In this review, we summarize the advanced research on HCP and discuss the understanding of the molecular originators of HCP and the development of diagnoses and remedies of HCP after SAH. It has been reported that inflammation, apoptosis, autophagy, and oxidative stress are the important causes of HCP, and well-known molecules including transforming growth factor, matrix metalloproteinases, and iron terminally lead to fibrosis and blockage of HCP. Potential medicines for HCP are still in preclinical status, and surgery is the most prevalent and efficient therapy, despite respective risks of different surgical methods, including lamina terminalis fenestration, ventricle-peritoneal shunting, and lumbar-peritoneal shunting. HCP remains an ailment that cannot be ignored and even with various solutions the medical community is still trying to understand and settle why and how it develops and accordingly improve the prognosis of these patients with HCP.
脑积水（HCP）是蛛网膜下腔出血患者的常见并发症。在本综述中，我们总结了关于脑积水的前沿研究，并讨论了对脑积水分子起源的理解以及蛛网膜下腔出血后脑积水的诊断和治疗进展。据报道，炎症、细胞凋亡、自噬和氧化应激是脑积水的重要病因，包括转化生长因子、基质金属蛋白酶和铁在内的知名分子最终会导致脑积水的纤维化和阻塞。针对脑积水的潜在药物仍处于临床前阶段，手术是最普遍且有效的治疗方法，尽管不同手术方式（包括终板造瘘术、脑室-腹腔分流术和腰大池-腹腔分流术）各自存在风险。脑积水仍然是一种不容忽视的疾病，即便有各种解决方法，医学界仍在努力理解并解决其发病原因及机制，从而改善这些脑积水患者的预后。
