Ikeda Yumiko, Funayama Takuya, Tateno Amane, Fukayama Haruhisa, Okubo Yoshiro, Suzuki Hidenori
Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan.
Anesthesiology and Clinical Physiology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2017 Jul;234(14):2077-2089. doi: 10.1007/s00213-017-4614-9. Epub 2017 Apr 3.
Modafinil is a wake-promoting agent and has been reported to be effective in improving attention in patients with attentional disturbance. However, neural substrates underlying the modafinil effects on attention are not fully understood.
We employed a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study with the attention network test (ANT) task in healthy adults and examined which networks of attention are mainly affected by modafinil and which neural substrates are responsible for the drug effects.
We used a randomized placebo-controlled within-subjects cross-over design. Twenty-three healthy adults participated in two series of an fMRI study, taking either a placebo or modafinil. The participants performed the ANT task, which is designed to measure three distinct attentional networks, alerting, orienting, and executive control, during the fMRI scanning. The effects of modafinil on behavioral performance and regional brain activity were analyzed.
We found that modafinil enhanced alerting performance and showed greater alerting network activity in the left middle and inferior occipital gyri as compared with the placebo. The brain activations in the occipital regions were positively correlated with alerting performance.
Modafinil enhanced alerting performance and increased activation in the occipital lobe in the alerting network possibly relevant to noradrenergic activity during the ANT task. The present study may provide a rationale for the treatment of patients with distinct symptoms of impaired attention.
莫达非尼是一种促醒剂，据报道可有效改善注意力障碍患者的注意力。然而，莫达非尼对注意力影响的神经基础尚未完全明确。
我们在健康成年人中采用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）研究及注意力网络测试（ANT）任务，以探究莫达非尼主要影响哪些注意力网络，以及哪些神经基础介导了药物效应。
我们采用随机、安慰剂对照、受试者内交叉设计。23名健康成年人参与了两项fMRI研究，分别服用安慰剂或莫达非尼。参与者在fMRI扫描期间执行ANT任务，该任务旨在测量三个不同的注意力网络，即警觉、定向和执行控制。分析了莫达非尼对行为表现和脑区活动的影响。
我们发现，与安慰剂相比，莫达非尼增强了警觉表现，并在左侧枕中回和枕下回显示出更强的警觉网络活动。枕叶区域的脑激活与警觉表现呈正相关。
莫达非尼增强了警觉表现，并增加了ANT任务期间警觉网络中枕叶的激活，这可能与去甲肾上腺素能活动有关。本研究可能为治疗有明显注意力受损症状的患者提供理论依据。
