Iwai Yoshiko, Hamanishi Junzo, Chamoto Kenji, Honjo Tasuku
Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health Japan, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan.
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
J Biomed Sci. 2017 Apr 4;24(1):26. doi: 10.1186/s12929-017-0329-9.
Immunotherapy has recently emerged as the fourth pillar of cancer treatment, joining surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. While early immunotherapies focused on accelerating T-cell activity, current immune-checkpoint inhibitors take the brakes off the anti-tumor immune responses. Successful clinical trials with PD-1 monoclonal antibodies and other immune-checkpoint inhibitors have opened new avenues in cancer immunology. However, the failure of a large subset of cancer patients to respond to these new immunotherapies has led to intensified research on combination therapies and predictive biomarkers. Here we summarize the development of PD-1-blockade immunotherapy and current issues in its clinical use.
免疫疗法最近已成为癌症治疗的第四大支柱，与手术、放疗和化疗并列。早期的免疫疗法侧重于加速T细胞活性，而目前的免疫检查点抑制剂则解除了对抗肿瘤免疫反应的抑制。PD-1单克隆抗体和其他免疫检查点抑制剂的成功临床试验为癌症免疫学开辟了新途径。然而，很大一部分癌症患者对这些新免疫疗法没有反应，这导致了对联合疗法和预测性生物标志物的深入研究。在此，我们总结了PD-1阻断免疫疗法的发展及其临床应用中的当前问题。
