Poirier Cédrik, Desgagné Véronique, Guérin Renée, Bouchard Luigi
Department of Biochemistry, Universite de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
ECOGENE-21 Biocluster, Chicoutimi, QC, Canada.
Curr Diab Rep. 2017 May;17(5):35. doi: 10.1007/s11892-017-0856-5.
This review focuses on the recent emergence of microRNAs (miRNAs) as metabolic and developmental regulators in pregnancy and their role in the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). MiRNAs are short and stable RNA sequences that repress protein synthesis through interference with messenger RNA translation.
The placenta produces numerous miRNAs with some of them being released in the maternal circulation. These miRNA genes are encoded into specific clusters and expressed preferentially by placental cells, in a time-dependent manner. They were shown to be dysregulated in plasma and placenta from women suffering from GDM and associated with pregnancy and birth-related outcomes. The discovery of pregnancy-related miRNAs and their respective characterization will provide us with important information as to their function in maternal and placental metabolic regulation. More studies are needed to determine whether they will be useful for early screening of GDM.
本综述聚焦于微小RNA（miRNA）作为孕期代谢和发育调节因子的最新研究进展及其在妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）发生发展中的作用。miRNA是短而稳定的RNA序列，通过干扰信使核糖核酸翻译来抑制蛋白质合成。
胎盘产生大量miRNA，其中一些会释放到母体循环中。这些miRNA基因被编码成特定的簇，并以时间依赖性方式由胎盘细胞优先表达。研究表明，在患有GDM的女性的血浆和胎盘中，它们的表达失调，且与妊娠及分娩相关结局有关。与妊娠相关的miRNA的发现及其各自的特征将为我们提供有关其在母体和胎盘代谢调节中功能的重要信息。还需要更多研究来确定它们是否有助于GDM的早期筛查。
