Demšar Karin, Svetina Matija, Verdenik Ivan, Tul Natasa, Blickstein Isaac, Globevnik Velikonja Vislava
Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
J Perinat Med. 2018 Feb 23;46(2):151-154. doi: 10.1515/jpm-2016-0282.
To identify the prevalence of and to determine the risk factors for developing a fear of childbirth (tokophobia).
We evaluated 191 pregnant women during Parenting and Childbirth Classes. Participants were approached when attending Parenting and Childbirth Classes between June 2014 and September 2014 and were asked to complete several questionnaires related to depression (CES-D), anxiety (STAI X1 and X2), satisfaction with life (SWLS), delivery expectation/experience (W-DEQ), and specific fears.
Most (90%) of the responders were nulliparous. As many as 75% of the participants reported low to moderate tokophobia, whereas 25% exhibited high or very high fear of childbirth. Pathological fear occurred in 1.6% of the participants. The most significant was the fear of having an episiotomy followed by fear of having no control on the situation and fear of pain. An association exists between a preferred elective cesarean birth and tokophobia.
The results draw attention to the need for early detection and treatment of fear of childbirth. The data may help identifying women at risk that require prenatal psychological intervention.
确定分娩恐惧（恐娩症）的患病率并确定其发生的风险因素。
我们在育儿与分娩课程期间对191名孕妇进行了评估。在2014年6月至2014年9月参加育儿与分娩课程时，对参与者进行了询问，并要求他们完成几份与抑郁（流调中心用抑郁量表）、焦虑（状态-特质焦虑问卷X1和X2）、生活满意度（生活满意度量表）、分娩期望/经历（W-分娩期望问卷）以及特定恐惧相关的问卷。
大多数（90%）应答者为初产妇。多达75%的参与者报告有轻度至中度的分娩恐惧，而25%表现出高度或极高的分娩恐惧。1.6%的参与者存在病理性恐惧。最显著的是害怕会阴切开术，其次是害怕无法控制局面和害怕疼痛。择期剖宫产与分娩恐惧之间存在关联。
研究结果提醒人们需要对分娩恐惧进行早期检测和治疗。这些数据可能有助于识别有风险的女性，她们需要产前心理干预。
