Gürsoy Buse, Palas Karaca Pelin
Expert midwife, Zeynep Kamil Women and Children's Diseases Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Balıkesir University, Çağış Mahallesi, Balıkesir Uşak Yolu 17. Km Üniversitesi Rektörlüğü Çağış Yerleşkesi, Bigadiç, Balıkesir, 10463, Turkey.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2025 Apr 21;25(1):462. doi: 10.1186/s12884-025-07555-7.
Fear of childbirth is a common psychological problem. This fear negatively affects prenatal attachment, childbirth-related self-efficacy, the postpartum period, parenting development and women's health. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between fear of birth and prenatal attachment and childbirth self-efficacy perception in primigravid women.
A descriptive and correlational design was used. The study was conducted with 255 primigravida women who applied to the Gynecology and Obstetrics Polyclinic of a hospital in the Marmara Region of Türkiye between December 2021 and October 2022 and agreed to participate in the study. The study data were collected using the Introductory Information Form, Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire Version A (W-DEQ-A), Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI), and Self-Efficacy regarding Vaginal Birth Scale (SEVB). Descriptive, comparative, and linear regression analyses were performed.
The mean age of the participants was 27.29 ± 6.82. The mean score of primigravida women in total W-DEQ-A was 58.45 ± 22.59, the mean score in total PAI was 65.05 ± 10.83, and the mean score in total SEVB was 64.55 ± 14.10. It was observed that as the fear of birth increased in primigravida women, their prenatal attachment (r=-0.369, p < 0.001) and childbirth self-efficacy perception (r=-0.473, p < 0.001) levels decreased. There was a significant relationship between W-DEQ-A and PBI and SEVB scores, which explained 25% (R = 0.254) of the variance (p < 0.001).
The study found that fear of childbirth was high in primigravida women who were not working, planned to have a cesarean section, and were not ready to give birth. It was determined that this fear affected prenatal attachment and vaginal birth self-efficacy. Health professionals should be screen primigravida women for fear of childbirth and be aware that fear of childbirth negatively affects prenatal attachment and vaginal birth self-efficacy.
对分娩的恐惧是一个常见的心理问题。这种恐惧会对产前依恋、分娩相关的自我效能感、产后时期、育儿发展以及女性健康产生负面影响。本研究旨在确定初产妇对分娩的恐惧与产前依恋及分娩自我效能感认知之间的关系。
采用描述性和相关性设计。该研究对2021年12月至2022年10月期间申请到土耳其马尔马拉地区一家医院妇产科门诊就诊并同意参与研究的255名初产妇进行。研究数据通过基本信息表、 Wijma分娩期望/体验问卷A版（W-DEQ-A）、产前依恋量表（PAI）以及阴道分娩自我效能量表（SEVB）收集。进行了描述性、比较性和线性回归分析。
参与者的平均年龄为27.29±6.82岁。初产妇在W-DEQ-A总分上的平均得分为58.45±22.59，PAI总分的平均得分为65.05±10.83，SEVB总分的平均得分为64.55±14.10。观察到随着初产妇对分娩恐惧的增加，她们的产前依恋水平（r=-0.369，p<0.001）和分娩自我效能感认知水平（r=-0.473，p<0.001）下降。W-DEQ-A与PAI和SEVB得分之间存在显著关系，解释了25%（R=0.254）的方差（p<0.001）。
研究发现，未工作、计划剖宫产且未做好分娩准备的初产妇对分娩的恐惧程度较高。确定这种恐惧会影响产前依恋和阴道分娩自我效能感。卫生专业人员应筛查初产妇是否存在对分娩的恐惧，并意识到对分娩的恐惧会对产前依恋和阴道分娩自我效能感产生负面影响。
