Yang Guiling, Chen Chen, Wang Yanhua, Peng Qi, Zhao Huiyu, Guo Dongmei, Wang Qiang, Qian Yongzhong
Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control / Lab (Hangzhou) for Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2017 Aug;142:29-39. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.03.037. Epub 2017 Apr 5.
As commonly used pesticides, chlorpyrifos (CPF), fenobucarb (FEN), clothianidin (CLO) and acetochlor (ACE) are widely applied on crops worldwide. In this study, the combined toxicities of their binary, ternary and quaternary mixtures were evaluated using the earthworm Eisenia fetida as test organism. Mixture toxicities were studied using the combination index (CI) method and visualized by isobolograms, and then data were compared with traditional concentration addition (CA) and independent action (IA) models. Two binary mixtures of CPF+FEN and FEN+ACE, two ternary mixtures of CPF+CLO+FEN and CPF+FEN+ACE, and quaternary mixture of CPF+FEN+ACE+CLO exhibited a clear synergistic effect. The CI method was compared with the classical models of CA and IA, indicating that the CI method could accurately predict the combined toxicities of the chemicals. The results indicated that it was difficult to predict combined effects of these pesticides from mode of action alone because of existence of complicated synergistic and antagonistic responses. More attention should be paid to the potential synergistic effects of chemicals interactions, which might cause serious ecological problems.
作为常用农药，毒死蜱（CPF）、仲丁威（FEN）、噻虫胺（CLO）和乙草胺（ACE）在全球范围内广泛应用于农作物。在本研究中，以赤子爱胜蚓为受试生物，评估了它们二元、三元和四元混合物的联合毒性。采用联合指数（CI）法研究混合物毒性，并用等效线图进行可视化，然后将数据与传统的浓度相加（CA）和独立作用（IA）模型进行比较。CPF+FEN和FEN+ACE这两种二元混合物、CPF+CLO+FEN和CPF+FEN+ACE这两种三元混合物以及CPF+FEN+ACE+CLO四元混合物均表现出明显的协同效应。将CI法与CA和IA的经典模型进行比较，表明CI法能够准确预测化学物质的联合毒性。结果表明，由于存在复杂的协同和拮抗反应，仅从作用模式难以预测这些农药的联合效应。应更多关注化学物质相互作用的潜在协同效应，其可能导致严重的生态问题。
