Chenausky Karen, Nelson Charles, Tager-Flusberg Helen
Boston University, Massachusetts.
Boston Children's Hospital, Massachusetts.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2017 Apr 14;60(4):865-876. doi: 10.1044/2016_JSLHR-S-15-0400.
Previous work has documented lower vocalization rate and consonant acquisition delays in toddlers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We investigated differences in these variables at 12, 18, and 24 months in toddlers at high and low risk for ASD.
Vocalization rate and number of different consonants were obtained from speech samples from a prospective study of infant siblings of children with ASD. Three groups were compared: 18 toddlers at low risk for ASD (low-risk control), 18 high-risk siblings without ASD (HRA-), and 10 high-risk siblings with ASD (HRA+).
All groups' mean language scores were within the normal range. HRA+ toddlers showed consistently lower vocalization rate; vocalization rate did not predict number of different consonants at 12 months for HRA+. HRA-, not HRA+, toddlers had the smallest number of different consonants and produced significantly fewer different consonants than predicted by their vocalization rate at 12 months. Consonant-acquisition trajectories differed between groups, with HRA- showing the greatest increase from 12 to 18 months.
Lower vocalization rate was not associated with reduced number of different consonants in these toddlers. Between-groups differences in developmental trajectories are discussed in the context of the social feedback loop and differential ability to benefit from adult feedback between groups.
先前的研究记录了自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）幼儿的发声率较低以及辅音习得延迟的情况。我们调查了ASD高风险和低风险幼儿在12、18和24个月时这些变量的差异。
从一项对ASD患儿的婴儿兄弟姐妹进行的前瞻性研究的语音样本中获取发声率和不同辅音的数量。比较了三组：18名ASD低风险幼儿（低风险对照组）、18名无ASD的高风险兄弟姐妹（HRA-）和10名患有ASD的高风险兄弟姐妹（HRA+）。
所有组的平均语言分数均在正常范围内。HRA+幼儿的发声率一直较低；对于HRA+幼儿，12个月时的发声率并不能预测不同辅音的数量。12个月时，HRA-幼儿（而非HRA+幼儿）的不同辅音数量最少，且其发出的不同辅音数量明显少于根据其发声率所预测的数量。各组之间的辅音习得轨迹不同，HRA-组在12至18个月间的增长幅度最大。
在这些幼儿中，较低的发声率与不同辅音数量的减少无关。在社会反馈循环以及各组从成人反馈中受益的差异能力的背景下，讨论了各组之间发展轨迹的差异。
