Bowser Bradley J, Rose William C, McGrath Robert, Salerno Jilian, Wallace Joshua, Davis Irene S
Health and Nutritional Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, United States.
Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, United States.
Int J Sports Med. 2017 Jun;38(6):481-486. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-103090. Epub 2017 Apr 7.
Barefoot and minimal footwear running has led to greater interest in the biomechanical effects of different types of footwear. The effect of running footwear on dynamic stability is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to compare dynamic stability and impact loading across 3 footwear conditions; barefoot, minimal footwear and standard running shoes. 25 injury free runners (21 male, 4 female) completed 5 single-leg jump landings in each footwear condition. Dynamic stability was assessed using the dynamic postural stability index and its directional components (mediolateral, anteroposterior, vertical). Peak vertical ground reaction force and vertical loadrates were also compared across footwear conditions. Dynamic stability was dependent on footwear type for all stability indices (ANOVA, p<0.05). Post-hoc tests showed dynamic stability was greater when barefoot than in running shoes for each stability index (p<0.02) and greater than minimal footwear for the anteroposterior stability index (p<0.01). Peak vertical force and average loadrates were both dependent on footwear (p≤0.05). Dynamic stability, peak vertical force, and average loadrates during single-leg jump landings appear to be affected by footwear type. The results suggest greater dynamic stability and lower impact loading when landing barefoot or in minimal footwear.
赤足和穿极简主义跑鞋跑步引发了人们对不同类型跑鞋生物力学效应的更大兴趣。跑鞋对动态稳定性的影响尚未得到充分理解。本研究的目的是比较三种跑鞋条件下的动态稳定性和冲击负荷，即赤足、穿极简主义跑鞋和穿标准跑鞋。25名无伤病跑步者（21名男性，4名女性）在每种跑鞋条件下完成了5次单腿跳跃落地动作。使用动态姿势稳定性指数及其方向分量（内外侧、前后向、垂直方向）评估动态稳定性。还比较了不同跑鞋条件下的垂直地面反作用力峰值和垂直负荷率。所有稳定性指标的动态稳定性均取决于跑鞋类型（方差分析，p<0.05）。事后检验表明，每种稳定性指标下，赤足时的动态稳定性均高于穿跑鞋时（p<0.02），前后向稳定性指标下赤足时的动态稳定性高于穿极简主义跑鞋时（p<0.01）。垂直力峰值和平均负荷率均取决于跑鞋类型（p≤0.05）。单腿跳跃落地时的动态稳定性、垂直力峰值和平均负荷率似乎受跑鞋类型影响。结果表明，赤足或穿极简主义跑鞋落地时具有更高的动态稳定性和更低的冲击负荷。
