Zhang Cheng
College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, PR China.
Adv Anat Embryol Cell Biol. 2017;222:129-155. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-51409-3_7.
The glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) also referred to as immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (Bip) is one of the best characterized endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone proteins, which belongs to the heat-shock protein (HSP) family. GRP78 as a central regulator of ER stress (ERS) plays many important roles in cell survival and apoptosis through controlling the activation of transmembrane ERS sensors: PKR-like ER-associated kinase (PERK), inositol requiring kinase 1 (IRE1), and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6). Many studies have reported that GRP78 is involved in the physiological and pathological process in female reproduction, including follicular development, corpus luteum (CL), oviduct, uterus, embryo, preimplantation development, implantation/decidualization, and the placenta. The present review summarizes the biological or pathological roles and signaling mechanisms of GRP78 during the reproductive processes. Further study on the functions and mechanisms of GRP78 may provide new insight into mammalian reproduction, which not only enhance the understanding of the physiological roles but also support therapy target against infertility.
葡萄糖调节蛋白（GRP78）也被称为免疫球蛋白重链结合蛋白（Bip），是最具特征的内质网（ER）伴侣蛋白之一，属于热休克蛋白（HSP）家族。GRP78作为内质网应激（ERS）的核心调节因子，通过控制跨膜ERS传感器的激活：PKR样内质网相关激酶（PERK）、肌醇需要激酶1（IRE1）和激活转录因子6（ATF6），在细胞存活和凋亡中发挥许多重要作用。许多研究报道，GRP78参与女性生殖的生理和病理过程，包括卵泡发育、黄体（CL）、输卵管、子宫、胚胎、植入前发育、着床/蜕膜化和胎盘。本综述总结了GRP78在生殖过程中的生物学或病理作用及信号机制。对GRP78功能和机制的进一步研究可能为哺乳动物生殖提供新的见解，这不仅能增强对其生理作用的理解，还能为不孕症治疗靶点提供支持。
