Abramesko Victoria, Tartakovsky Leonid
Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200003, Israel.
Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200003, Israel.
Environ Pollut. 2017 Jul;226:288-296. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.03.072. Epub 2017 Apr 5.
Locomotives with diesel engines are used worldwide and are an important source of air pollution. Pollutant emissions by locomotive engines affect the air quality inside passenger trains. This study is aimed at investigating ultrafine particle (UFP) air pollution inside passenger trains and providing a basis for assessing passenger exposure to this pollutant. The concentrations of UFPs inside the carriages of push-pull trains are dramatically higher when the train operates in pull mode. This clearly shows that locomotive engine emissions are a dominant factor in train passengers' exposure to UFPs. The highest levels of UFP air pollution are observed inside the carriages of pull trains close to the locomotive. In push mode, the UFP number concentrations were lower by factors of 2.6-43 (depending on the carriage type) compared to pull mode. The UFP concentrations are substantially lower in diesel multiple-unit trains than in trains operating in pull mode. A significant influence of the train movement regime on the UFP NC inside a carriage is observed.
柴油机车在全球范围内广泛使用，是空气污染的一个重要来源。机车发动机的污染物排放会影响旅客列车内部的空气质量。本研究旨在调查旅客列车内的超细颗粒物（UFP）空气污染情况，并为评估乘客接触该污染物提供依据。当列车以牵引模式运行时，推拉式列车车厢内的超细颗粒物浓度会显著升高。这清楚地表明，机车发动机排放是列车乘客接触超细颗粒物的主要因素。在靠近机车的牵引列车车厢内，超细颗粒物空气污染水平最高。在推进模式下，与牵引模式相比，超细颗粒物数量浓度降低了2.6至43倍（取决于车厢类型）。柴油动车组列车内的超细颗粒物浓度明显低于以牵引模式运行的列车。观察到列车运行状态对车厢内超细颗粒物数量浓度有显著影响。
