Giusto Ali M, Green Eric P, Puffer Eve S
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
J Adolesc Health. 2017 Aug;61(2):219-225. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.02.007. Epub 2017 Apr 5.
Despite high rates of HIV in areas of Sub-Saharan Africa and men's role in driving the epidemic, little is known about whether or how sexual risk-both behaviors and beliefs-may be passed down through generations of males. This study examined associations between sexual risk behaviors and sex-related beliefs of adolescent males and those of their male caregivers in Kenya, as well as the potential moderating effects of parenting characteristics and father-son relationship quality.
Cross-sectional linear regression analysis was applied to baseline data from a trial of a family- and church-based intervention for families in rural Kenya that followed a stepped-wedge cluster randomized design. Our subsample consisted of 79 male caregiver and son (aged 10-16 years) dyads.
Results demonstrated a direct relationship between fathers' and sons' sex-related beliefs that was not moderated by parenting or quality of father-son relationship. Parenting/relationship characteristics did moderate the relationship between fathers' and sons' sexual behavior; if fathers did not engage in high-risk sex and exhibited more positive parenting/higher relationship quality, their sons were less likely to be sexually active. Among fathers having high-risk sex, parenting was unrelated to sons' behavior except at very high levels of positive parenting/relationship quality; at these levels, sons were actually more likely to have had sex.
Findings support recommendations to include male caregivers in youth HIV prevention efforts, potentially by targeting fathers' parenting strategies and their individual risk.
尽管撒哈拉以南非洲地区的艾滋病毒感染率很高，且男性在推动该流行病传播中发挥了作用，但对于性风险（包括行为和观念）是否会在几代男性中传承，以及如何传承，人们知之甚少。本研究调查了肯尼亚青少年男性及其男性照顾者的性风险行为与性相关观念之间的关联，以及养育特征和父子关系质量的潜在调节作用。
对一项针对肯尼亚农村家庭的基于家庭和教会的干预试验的基线数据进行横断面线性回归分析，该试验采用阶梯式整群随机设计。我们的子样本包括79对男性照顾者与儿子（年龄在10至16岁之间）的二元组。
结果表明，父子之间的性相关观念存在直接关系，且不受养育方式或父子关系质量的调节。养育/关系特征确实调节了父子性行为之间的关系；如果父亲没有进行高风险性行为，且表现出更积极的养育方式/更高的关系质量，他们的儿子性活跃的可能性就较小。在有高风险性行为的父亲中，养育方式与儿子的行为无关，除非养育方式/关系质量非常积极；在这些情况下，儿子实际上更有可能有过性行为。
研究结果支持在青少年艾滋病毒预防工作中纳入男性照顾者的建议，可能通过针对父亲的养育策略及其个人风险来实现。
