Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, 810A/Bldg 1, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, Washington, 98108, USA.
AAPS J. 2017 Jul;19(4):921-930. doi: 10.1208/s12248-017-0079-3. Epub 2017 Apr 10.
After decades of rapid increase, the rate of obesity in adults in the USA is beginning to slow and the rate of childhood obesity is stabilizing. Despite these improvements, the obesity epidemic continues to be a major health and financial burden. Obesity is associated with serious negative health outcomes such as cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, and, more recently, cognitive decline and various neurodegenerative dementias such as Alzheimer's disease. In the past decade, major advancements have contributed to the understanding of the role of the central nervous system (CNS) in the development of obesity and how peripheral hormonal signals modulate CNS regulation of energy homeostasis. In this article, we address how obesity affects the structure and function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), the impact of obesity on Alzheimer's disease, the effects of obesity on circulating proteins and their transport into the brain, and how these changes can potentially be reversed by weight loss.
经过几十年的快速增长，美国成年人的肥胖率开始放缓，儿童肥胖率也趋于稳定。尽管取得了这些进展，但肥胖仍是一个主要的健康和经济负担。肥胖与严重的负面健康后果有关，如心血管疾病、II 型糖尿病，以及最近认知能力下降和各种神经退行性痴呆症，如阿尔茨海默病。在过去十年中，重大进展有助于理解中枢神经系统（CNS）在肥胖发展中的作用，以及外周激素信号如何调节 CNS 对能量平衡的调节。在本文中，我们将讨论肥胖如何影响血脑屏障（BBB）的结构和功能，肥胖对阿尔茨海默病的影响，肥胖对循环蛋白及其向大脑转运的影响，以及这些变化如何通过减肥来逆转。
