Sarkar Pamela, Rice Claire M, Scolding Neil J
Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, Southmead Hospital, University of Bristol, L&R Building, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK.
CNS Drugs. 2017 Jun;31(6):453-469. doi: 10.1007/s40263-017-0429-9.
Cell therapy is considered a promising potential treatment for multiple sclerosis, perhaps particularly for the progressive form of the disease for which there are currently no useful treatments. Over the past two decades or more, much progress has been made in understanding the biology of MS and in the experimental development of cell therapy for this disease. Three quite distinct forms of cell therapy are currently being pursued. The first seeks to use stem cells to replace damaged myelin-forming oligodendrocytes within the CNS; the second aims, in effect, to replace the individual's misfunctioning immune system, making use of haematopoietic stem cells; and the third seeks to utilise endogenous stem cell populations by mobilisation with or without in vitro expansion, exploiting their various reparative and neuroprotective properties. In this article we review progress in these three separate areas, summarising the experimental background and clinical progress thus far made.
细胞疗法被认为是治疗多发性硬化症的一种有前景的潜在疗法，对于目前尚无有效治疗方法的进展型多发性硬化症或许尤为如此。在过去二十多年里，在理解多发性硬化症生物学特性以及该疾病细胞疗法的实验开发方面取得了很大进展。目前正在探索三种截然不同的细胞疗法形式。第一种试图利用干细胞替代中枢神经系统内受损的形成髓鞘的少突胶质细胞；第二种实际上旨在利用造血干细胞替代个体功能失调的免疫系统；第三种试图通过动员内源性干细胞群体（无论有无体外扩增）来利用其各种修复和神经保护特性。在本文中，我们回顾这三个不同领域的进展，总结迄今为止的实验背景和临床进展。
