Lewis Elizabeth J, Yoon K Lira, Joormann Jutta
a Department of Psychology , Yale University , New Haven , CT , USA.
b Department of Psychology , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame , IN , USA.
Cogn Emot. 2018 Nov;32(7):1487-1498. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2017.1310088. Epub 2017 Apr 11.
Individual differences in the habitual use of emotion regulation strategies may play a critical role in understanding psychological and biological stress reactivity and recovery in depression and anxiety. This study investigated the relation between the habitual use of different emotion regulation strategies and cortisol reactivity and recovery in healthy control individuals (CTL; n = 33) and in individuals diagnosed with social anxiety disorder (SAD; n = 41). The tendency to worry was associated with increased cortisol reactivity to a stressor across the full sample. Rumination was not associated with cortisol reactivity, despite its oft-reported similarities to worry. Worry and rumination, however, were associated with increased cortisol during recovery from the stressor. The only difference between CTL and SAD participants was observed for reappraisal. In the CTL but not in the SAD group, reappraisal predicted recovery, such that an increased tendency to reappraise was associated with greater cortisol recovery. These results suggest an important role of the habitual use of emotion regulation strategies in understanding biological stress reactivity and recovery.
在理解抑郁症和焦虑症患者的心理及生理应激反应与恢复方面，情绪调节策略习惯性使用上的个体差异可能起着关键作用。本研究调查了健康对照个体（CTL；n = 33）和被诊断为社交焦虑障碍（SAD；n = 41）的个体在不同情绪调节策略习惯性使用与皮质醇反应性及恢复之间的关系。在整个样本中，担忧倾向与对应激源的皮质醇反应性增加有关。尽管反复思考常被认为与担忧相似，但它与皮质醇反应性并无关联。然而，在从应激源恢复过程中，担忧和反复思考与皮质醇增加有关。CTL组和SAD组参与者之间唯一的差异体现在重新评价方面。在CTL组而非SAD组中，重新评价可预测恢复情况，即重新评价倾向增加与更大程度的皮质醇恢复有关。这些结果表明，情绪调节策略的习惯性使用在理解生物应激反应性和恢复方面具有重要作用。
