Mugueta-Aguinaga Iranzu, Garcia-Zapirain Begonya
1Rehabilitation Service, Cruces Universitary Hospital, Plaza Cruces s/n, 48903, Barakaldo, Spain.
2DeustoTech - Deusto Foundation, Avda Universidades, 24, 48007, Bilbao, Spain; 3Engineering Faculty, University of Deusto, Avda. Universidades, 24, 48007, Bilbao, Spain.
Aging Dis. 2017 Apr 1;8(2):176-195. doi: 10.14336/AD.2016.0901. eCollection 2017 Apr.
This study analyzes the technologies used in dealing with frailty within the following areas: prevention, care, diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this paper is, on the one hand, to analyze the extent to which technology is present in terms of its relationship with frailty and what technological resources are used to treat it. Its other purpose is to define new challenges and contributions made by physiotherapy using technology. Eighty documents related to research, validation and/or the ascertaining of different types of hardware, software or both were reviewed in prominent areas. The authors used the following scales: in the area of diagnosis, Fried's phenotype model of frailty and a model based on trials for the design of devices. The technologies developed that are based on these models accounted for 55% and 45% of cases respectively. In the area of prevention, the results proved similar regarding the use of wireless sensors with cameras (35.71%), and Kinect™ sensors (28.57%) to analyze movements and postures that indicate a risk of falling. In the area of care, results were found referring to the use of different motion, physiological and environmental wireless sensors (46,15%), i.e. so-called smart homes. In the area of treatment, the results show with a percentage of 37.5% that the Nintendo Wii™ console is the most used tool for treating frailty in elderly persons. Further work needs to be carried out to reduce the gap existing between technology, frail elderly persons, healthcare professionals and carers to bring together the different views about technology. This need raises the challenge of developing and implementing technology in physiotherapy via serious games that may via play and connectivity help to improve the functional capacity, general health and quality of life of frail individuals.
预防、护理、诊断和治疗。本文的目的一方面是分析技术在与虚弱的关系方面的存在程度以及用于治疗虚弱的技术资源；另一方面是确定物理治疗利用技术所带来的新挑战和贡献。在重要领域对80份与不同类型硬件、软件或两者的研究、验证和/或确定相关的文件进行了审查。作者使用了以下量表：在诊断领域，采用了弗里德虚弱表型模型以及基于设备设计试验的模型。基于这些模型开发的技术分别占案例的55%和45%。在预防领域，结果表明，使用带摄像头的无线传感器（35.71%）和Kinect™传感器（28.57%）来分析表明跌倒风险的动作和姿势的情况类似。在护理领域，发现有关于使用不同的运动、生理和环境无线传感器（46.15%）的结果，即所谓的智能家居。在治疗领域，结果显示，任天堂Wii™游戏机作为治疗老年人虚弱最常用工具的占比为37.5%。需要进一步开展工作，以缩小技术、体弱老年人、医疗保健专业人员和护理人员之间存在的差距，整合关于技术的不同观点。这一需求带来了通过严肃游戏在物理治疗中开发和实施技术的挑战，这些游戏可能通过玩耍和连接帮助提高体弱个体的功能能力、总体健康和生活质量。
