Schreiber Pedersen Louise, Lose Gunnar, Høybye Mette Terp, Elsner Susanne, Waldmann Annika, Rudnicki Martin
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Herlev Gentofte University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Interdisciplinary Research Unit, Elective Surgery Center, Silkeborg Hospital, Silkeborg, Denmark.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2017 Aug;96(8):939-948. doi: 10.1111/aogs.13149. Epub 2017 May 20.
Urinary incontinence (UI) is a prevalent condition that interferes with women's health-related quality of life. Prevalence rates from earlier studies are wide-ranging, due to heterogeneity in methodology, definition of UI and the populations included. We aimed to determine the prevalence of UI and associated risk factors in Germany and Denmark using the same methodology, definition and population.
A postal survey was conducted in two regions in Germany and Denmark, including 8000 women aged 18+ years. UI was defined as any complaint of involuntary loss of urine. The questionnaire contained socio-demographic questions and the International Consultation on Incontinence Modular Questionnaire Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI SF).
The response rate in Germany and Denmark was 46.2 and 66.6% (p < 0.001) and the prevalence rate of UI was 48.3 and 46.4% (p = 0.188), respectively. Stress urinary incontinence dominated among younger women, and urgency urinary incontinence and mixed urinary incontinence among women 80+ years in Germany and Denmark, respectively. The subgroup of women with body mass index (BMI) ≥35 had the highest prevalence of UI (67.3%). The subgroup of women with BMI <35 were more likely to have stress urinary incontinence, and the subgroup of women with BMI ≥35 were more likely to have mixed urinary incontinence. UI was significantly associated with age as with BMI, vaginal delivery, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and having at least one co-morbidity.
Prevalence rates in the two regions in Germany and Denmark were similar, despite significantly different response rates. This difference may reflect various attitudes towards answering a questionnaire, but the response rate on questions concerning UI seemed consistent.
尿失禁（UI）是一种普遍存在的疾病，会影响女性与健康相关的生活质量。由于方法学、尿失禁定义以及所纳入人群的异质性，早期研究中的患病率范围很广。我们旨在使用相同的方法、定义和人群来确定德国和丹麦尿失禁的患病率及相关危险因素。
在德国和丹麦的两个地区进行了一项邮寄调查，包括8000名18岁及以上的女性。尿失禁被定义为任何非自愿漏尿的主诉。问卷包含社会人口学问题以及国际尿失禁咨询委员会尿失禁模块化问卷简表（ICIQ-UI SF）。
德国和丹麦的回复率分别为46.2%和66.6%（p<0.001），尿失禁的患病率分别为48.3%和46.4%（p = 0.188）。在德国，年轻女性中以压力性尿失禁为主，而在丹麦，80岁及以上女性中急迫性尿失禁和混合性尿失禁为主。体重指数（BMI）≥35的女性亚组尿失禁患病率最高（67.3%）。BMI<35的女性亚组更易患压力性尿失禁，而BMI≥35的女性亚组更易患混合性尿失禁。尿失禁与年龄、BMI、阴道分娩、慢性阻塞性肺疾病以及至少有一种合并症显著相关。
德国和丹麦这两个地区的患病率相似，尽管回复率存在显著差异。这种差异可能反映了对回答问卷的不同态度，但关于尿失禁问题的回复率似乎是一致的。
