Kuhls T L, Nishanian P G, Cherry J D, Shen J P, Neumann C G, Stiehm E R, Ettenger R B, Bwibo N O, Koech D
Department of Pediatrics, UCLA School of Medicine.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 1988 Mar;9(3):179-85. doi: 10.1016/0732-8893(88)90027-2.
Sera of 95 mothers and 129 children from Nairobi, Kenya, collected in 1976, and of 466 adults and 193 children of Embu District, Kenya, collected in 1984 and 1985, were analyzed for the presence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antibodies. Although no HIV-1 seropositivity was demonstrated by western blot analysis in both study groups, 7% of Nairobi mothers and 10% of adult females from Embu District had false positive results by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) compared with less than 1% seroreactivity rates observed in adult males and children. False positive results were not due to simian T lymphotropic virus type III (STLV-IIIAGM)/human T lymphotropic virus type IV (HTLV-IV) seropositivity. Sixty-one percent of the HIV-1 EIA reactive sera could not be explained by cytotoxic activity to lymphocytes bearing the HLA-DR4 or HLA-DQw3 phenotype. We conclude that false positive HIV EIA tests are frequently encountered in East Africa. Seroprevalence rates in rural Africa must be interpreted with caution due to the decreased specificity of HIV EIAs.
对1976年采集的肯尼亚内罗毕95名母亲和129名儿童的血清，以及1984年和1985年采集的肯尼亚恩布地区466名成人和193名儿童的血清进行了分析，以检测1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）抗体的存在。尽管两个研究组通过蛋白质印迹分析均未显示HIV-1血清阳性，但与成年男性和儿童中观察到的低于1%的血清反应率相比，内罗毕7%的母亲和恩布地区10%的成年女性通过酶免疫测定（EIA）出现了假阳性结果。假阳性结果并非由于猴嗜T淋巴细胞病毒III型（STLV-IIIAGM）/人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒IV型（HTLV-IV）血清阳性。61%的HIV-1 EIA反应性血清不能用对携带HLA-DR4或HLA-DQw3表型的淋巴细胞的细胞毒性活性来解释。我们得出结论，在东非经常遇到HIV EIA检测假阳性情况。由于HIV EIA特异性降低，非洲农村地区的血清流行率必须谨慎解释。
