White Kate L, Shelton Katy, Taylor Polly M
Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2001 Jan;28(1):42-48. doi: 10.1046/j.1467-2987.2000.00032.x. Epub 2016 Nov 15.
To compare the anaesthetic and cardiopulmonary effects of a diazepam-ketamine combination with thiopentone for induction of anaesthesia in dogs.
Twenty healthy dogs of various breeds weighing between 3.8 and 42.6 kg undergoing major orthopaedic or soft tissue surgery.
Pre-anaesthetic medication in all cases was intramuscular acepromazine and methadone given 30 minutes before induction of anaesthesia. Each animal was then randomly assigned to receive either thiopentone or diazepam and ketamine. Quality of conditions for, and time to tracheal intubation were recorded. Anaesthesia was maintained with halothane in oxygen and nitrous oxide. Heart rate, respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure, end tidal carbon dioxide tensions and oxygen saturation were recorded at 10 minute intervals throughout surgery. The quality of recovery from anaesthesia was assessed.
The quality of induction in both groups was satisfactory. The total mean time (± SD) to tracheal intubation (162 ± 84 seconds) was significantly longer in dogs receiving diazepam and ketamine compared to dogs receiving thiopentone (62 ± 28 seconds). Heart rate, systolic blood pressure and end tidal carbon dioxide concentration were not significantly different between groups. Respiratory rate was significantly higher in the diazepam-ketamine group between 0 and 30 minutes. The quality of recovery was similar in each group.
There appear to be fewer differences between the induction agents examined in this study than was previously believed. No pressor, or other cardiovascular stimulating effects were detected in the dogs that received diazepam and ketamine.
The absence of obvious differences between groups suggests that pre-anaesthetic medication, inhaled anaesthetics and the physiological effects of surgery itself probably had a greater effect on the variables studied than the induction agent used. Further studies are required to determine whether diazepam and ketamine offers significant advantages over other induction agents in the unhealthy dog.
比较地西泮 - 氯胺酮组合与硫喷妥钠在犬麻醉诱导中的麻醉效果及对心肺功能的影响。
20只体重在3.8至42.6千克之间、品种各异的健康犬，接受大型骨科或软组织手术。
所有病例在麻醉诱导前30分钟肌肉注射乙酰丙嗪和美沙酮进行麻醉前用药。然后将每只动物随机分配接受硫喷妥钠或地西泮和氯胺酮。记录气管插管的条件质量和时间。用氟烷、氧气和一氧化二氮维持麻醉。在整个手术过程中每隔10分钟记录心率、呼吸频率、收缩压、呼气末二氧化碳分压和氧饱和度。评估麻醉苏醒质量。
两组的诱导质量均令人满意。与接受硫喷妥钠的犬（62±28秒）相比，接受地西泮和氯胺酮的犬气管插管的总平均时间（±标准差）（162±84秒）明显更长。两组之间的心率、收缩压和呼气末二氧化碳浓度无显著差异。地西泮 - 氯胺酮组在0至30分钟之间的呼吸频率明显更高。每组的苏醒质量相似。
本研究中所检测的诱导剂之间的差异似乎比先前认为的要少。在接受地西泮和氯胺酮的犬中未检测到升压或其他心血管刺激作用。
各组之间没有明显差异表明，麻醉前用药、吸入麻醉剂和手术本身的生理效应可能比所用的诱导剂对所研究的变量影响更大。需要进一步研究以确定地西泮和氯胺酮在不健康犬中是否比其他诱导剂具有显著优势。
