Miyabe Takako, Nishimura Ryohei, Mochizuki Manabu, Sasaki Nobuo, Mastubayashi Kiyoaki
Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural & Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Center for Human Evolution Modelling Research, Primate Research Institute of Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2001 Jul;28(3):168-174. doi: 10.1046/j.1467-2987.2001.00052.x. Epub 2016 Nov 15.
Objective To evaluate the sedative effects of medetomidine, and a medetomidine-midazolam combination, in Japanese macaques and the antagonism of medetomidine-midazolam with atipamezole. Study design Prospective randomized study. Animals Thirteen healthy Japanese macaques between 3 and 21 years old and weighing between 4.3 and 15.1 kg. Methods Medetomidine (120 µg kg) alone or a medetomidine (30 µg kg) plus midazolam (0.3 mg kg) mixture were injected intramuscularly in the hind limb of 12 animals (n = 6 for each group) and their effects, particularly behavioural changes, response to external stimuli, sedative onset time, time to lateral recumbency and time in lateral recumbency, were monitored for 120 minutes. Another group (n = 7) were given medetomidine-midazolam and injected 30 minutes later with atipamezole (120 µg kg). Behavioural changes and responses to external stimuli were assessed as before. Results Animals given medetomidine became sedated but could be aroused by external stimuli. Despite the lower (25%) dose of medetomidine involved, the effects of medetomidine-midazolam were more marked. Macaques given this combination became sedated in 4 ± 2 minutes (mean ± SD) and remained unresponsive to external stimuli for at least 60 minutes. Five out of six macaques became laterally recumbent for 74 ± 37 minutes. Intramuscular atipamezole effectively reversed sedation, shortening the arousal and total recovery time. The recovery from sedation was rapid and smooth, being completed 19 ± 11 minutes after antagonism. Conclusions The medetomidine-midazolam combination described provided useful chemical restraint and may prove useful in macaques undergoing some experimental, diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. The use of atipamezole as an antagonist increases the value of this technique in macaques.
目的 评估美托咪定以及美托咪定与咪达唑仑联合用药对日本猕猴的镇静效果，以及阿替美唑对美托咪定 - 咪达唑仑的拮抗作用。研究设计 前瞻性随机研究。动物 13 只健康的日本猕猴，年龄在 3 至 21 岁之间，体重在 4.3 至 15.1 千克之间。方法 对 12 只动物（每组 6 只）的后肢进行肌肉注射，单独注射美托咪定（120 μg/kg）或注射美托咪定（30 μg/kg）加咪达唑仑（0.3 mg/kg）的混合物，并在 120 分钟内监测其效果，特别是行为变化、对外部刺激的反应、镇静起效时间、侧卧时间和侧卧时长。另一组（7 只）给予美托咪定 - 咪达唑仑，30 分钟后注射阿替美唑（120 μg/kg）。如前所述评估行为变化和对外部刺激的反应。结果 注射美托咪定的动物出现镇静，但可被外部刺激唤醒。尽管美托咪定的剂量较低（25%），但美托咪定 - 咪达唑仑的效果更显著。接受这种联合用药的猕猴在 4±2 分钟（平均值±标准差）内进入镇静状态，并且至少 60 分钟内对外部刺激无反应。6 只猕猴中有 5 只侧卧 74±37 分钟。肌肉注射阿替美唑有效逆转了镇静作用，缩短了唤醒时间和总恢复时间。镇静恢复迅速且平稳，拮抗后 19±11 分钟完成恢复。结论 所述的美托咪定 - 咪达唑仑联合用药提供了有效的化学保定方法，可能对接受某些实验、诊断或治疗程序的猕猴有用。使用阿替美唑作为拮抗剂增加了该技术在猕猴中的应用价值。
