An Lei, Sun Wei
Medical College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
South China Research Center for Acupuncture-Moxibustion, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
Neurotox Res. 2017 Aug;32(2):301-309. doi: 10.1007/s12640-017-9731-z. Epub 2017 Apr 13.
In September 2008, in China, tens of thousands of children were hospitalized, several even died, as a result of infant-formula milk adulterated with a synthetic chemical compound, melamine, and in the next few months, this crisis became the focus of attention worldwide. Although there are a number of articles about nephrotoxicity of melamine, the evidence of melamine toxicity on other organs is still scanty. Specially, several recent studies indicated that melamine can perturb the central nervous system (CNS) function and induce cognitive deficits, breaking the previous view that melamine toxicity is limited to the urinary system. This review focuses on some developmental consequences of melamine exposures through various routes in vitro and in vivo, from ethology to molecular and cellular assessments. The evidences demonstrate that the neurotoxic effects of melamine were varied from different route exposure. Finally, the relevant literature on the mechanisms of these aspects has been discussed, and some suggestions towards further researches have been presented.
2008年9月，在中国，数以万计的儿童因食用了掺有合成化学物质三聚氰胺的婴儿配方奶粉而住院，其中几人甚至死亡，在接下来的几个月里，这场危机成为全球关注的焦点。尽管有许多关于三聚氰胺肾毒性的文章，但三聚氰胺对其他器官毒性的证据仍然不足。特别是，最近的几项研究表明，三聚氰胺会扰乱中枢神经系统（CNS）功能并导致认知缺陷，打破了此前认为三聚氰胺毒性仅限于泌尿系统的观点。本综述重点关注三聚氰胺通过各种途径在体外和体内暴露所产生的一些发育后果，从行为学评估到分子和细胞评估。证据表明，三聚氰胺的神经毒性因暴露途径不同而有所差异。最后，讨论了这些方面的相关文献机制，并提出了一些进一步研究的建议。
