Vasconcelos L M, Brito A C, Carmo C D, Oliveira P H G A, Oliveira E J
Centro de Ciências Agrárias Ambientais e Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Cruz das Almas, BA, Brasil.
Núcleo de Recursos Genéticos e Desenvolvimento de Variedades, Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura, Cruz das Almas, BA, Brasil.
Genet Mol Res. 2017 Apr 13;16(2):gmr-16-02-gmr.16029276. doi: 10.4238/gmr16029276.
Demand for the development of cassava varieties with different native starches has guided the search for these characteristics in the germplasm of Manihot esculenta Crantz. Therefore, the objective of this study was to estimate the genetic diversity of cassava accessions for root and starch granule characteristics to guide the future industrial application of this species. Starches from 56 accessions were evaluated for the number of granules in 1 g of starch (NTG), area (AG, μm), length (LG, μm), width (WG, μm), starch granule roundness (Round), dry matter content in the roots (DMC, %), pulp color (PulCo), and cyanogenic compounds (HCN). Images captured by light microscopy were used to determine the average phenotypic values, and these were further analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) considering mixed data (quantitative and qualitative). Significant differences between the cassava accessions for all traits measured revealed wide variability in starch granule characteristics. Four diversity groups with better fitness for the classification of cassava accessions based on PulCo were identified, in comparison with HCN. Accessions with differential starch characteristics were identified, and crossings for the generation of segregating populations in order to obtain table and industry varieties have been proposed.
对具有不同天然淀粉的木薯品种的需求推动了在木薯种质中寻找这些特性。因此，本研究的目的是评估木薯种质在根和淀粉颗粒特性方面的遗传多样性，以指导该物种未来的工业应用。对56份种质的淀粉进行了评估，测定了每克淀粉中的颗粒数量（NTG）、面积（AG，μm）、长度（LG，μm）、宽度（WG，μm）、淀粉颗粒圆度（Round）、根中的干物质含量（DMC，%）、果肉颜色（PulCo）和氰化物（HCN）。利用光学显微镜拍摄的图像确定平均表型值，并考虑混合数据（定量和定性）通过主成分分析（PCA）进一步分析这些值。所测木薯种质在所有性状上的显著差异表明淀粉颗粒特性存在广泛变异。与HCN相比，基于PulCo确定了四个更适合木薯种质分类的多样性组。鉴定出了具有不同淀粉特性的种质，并提出了用于产生分离群体以获得食用和工业品种的杂交组合。
