Calikusu Incekar Mujde, Balci Serap
Pediatric Nursing Department, Florence Nightingale Nursing Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
J Spec Pediatr Nurs. 2017 Jul;22(3). doi: 10.1111/jspn.12181. Epub 2017 Apr 13.
Noise, an environmental stimulus, is especially important in the neurobehavioral development of newborns and brain development of infants at high risk. Conditions in the neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) may cause certain sensory stimuli that are not appropriate for the development of newborns, especially preterm infants. This study was conducted in order to determine noise levels in the NICU and to evaluate the effect of training provided for noise control.
This study was conducted as a pretest-posttest quasiexperimental design between September and November 2014 in a 30-bed NICU of a tertiary hospital in Istanbul. A sample group consisting of 30 people (26 nurses, 4 care workers). Noise measurement devices were used in the Training Program of Noise Control.
Of the health professionals, 96.7% were women, 86.7% were nurses, and 63.3% were university graduates. Some 36.7% of the health professionals had worked within the unit for more than 5 years. Noise measurements of full implementations were made over three 24-h periods. Noise measurements were taken before and after the training on Monday, Friday, and Sunday. Noise levels after training diminished in all three measurements, and the decrease was found statistically significant (P < 0.01).
Planned Noise Control Training for health professionals who work in NICUs is an effective way of reducing noise. We recommend that this training should be given to NICU health professionals and noise levels should be determined through measurements at specific times.
噪声作为一种环境刺激因素，对新生儿的神经行为发育以及高危婴儿的大脑发育尤为重要。新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）的环境可能会产生某些不适于新生儿尤其是早产儿发育的感觉刺激。本研究旨在确定NICU中的噪声水平，并评估为噪声控制所提供培训的效果。
本研究采用前测-后测准实验设计，于2014年9月至11月在伊斯坦布尔一家三级医院拥有30张床位的NICU中进行。样本组由30人组成（26名护士，4名护理人员）。在噪声控制培训项目中使用了噪声测量设备。
在这些卫生专业人员中，96.7%为女性，86.7%为护士，63.3%为大学毕业生。约36.7%的卫生专业人员在该科室工作超过5年。在三个24小时时间段内对全面实施情况进行了噪声测量。在周一、周五和周日培训前后进行了噪声测量。培训后的所有三次测量中噪声水平均有所降低，且降幅具有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。
为在NICU工作的卫生专业人员开展有计划的噪声控制培训是降低噪声的有效方法。我们建议应对NICU卫生专业人员进行此类培训，并应通过在特定时间进行测量来确定噪声水平。
