Adkins Yuriko, Belda Benjamin J, Pedersen Theresa L, Fedor Dawn M, Mackey Bruce E, Newman John W, Kelley Darshan S
Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
Lipids. 2017 May;52(5):399-413. doi: 10.1007/s11745-017-4252-3. Epub 2017 Apr 13.
Diets containing high n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) decrease inflammation and the incidence of chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease while trans-fatty acids (TFA) intake increases the incidence of these conditions. Some health benefits of n-3 PUFA are mediated through the impact of their oxygenated metabolites, i.e. oxylipins. The TFA, trans-10, cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid (CLA; 18:2n-6) is associated with adipose tissue (AT) inflammation, oxidative stress, and wasting. We examined the impact of a 4-week feeding of 0, 0.5, and 1.5% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3) in the presence and absence of 0.5% CLA on AT oxylipin profiles in female C57BL/6N mice. Esterified oxylipins in AT derived from linoleic acid (LNA), alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), arachidonic acid (ARA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), DHA, and putative from CLA were quantified. CLA containing diets reduced AT mass by ~62%. Compared with the control diet, the DHA diet elevated concentrations of EPA-and DHA-derived alcohols and epoxides and LNA-derived alcohols, reduced ARA-derived alcohols, ketones, epoxides, and 6-keto-prostaglandin (PG) F (P < 0.05), and had mixed effects on ALA-derived alcohols. Dietary CLA lowered EPA-, DHA-, and ALA-derived epoxides, ARA-derived ketones and epoxides, and ALA-derived alcohols. While dietary CLA induced variable effects in EPA-, DHA-, and LNA-derived alcohols and LNA-derived ketones, it elevated ARA-derived alcohols and PGF, PGF, and F2-isoprostanes. DHA counteracted CLA-induced effects in 67, 57, 43, and 29% of total DHA-, ARA-, EPA-, and ALA-derived oxylipins, respectively. Thus, CLA elevated proinflammatory oxylipins while DHA increased anti-inflammatory oxylipins and diminished concentration of CLA-induced pro-inflammatory oxylipins in AT.
富含n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的饮食可减轻炎症以及包括心血管疾病和非酒精性脂肪性肝病在内的慢性疾病的发病率，而反式脂肪酸（TFA）的摄入则会增加这些疾病的发病率。n-3多不饱和脂肪酸的一些健康益处是通过其氧化代谢产物（即氧化脂质）来介导的。反式脂肪酸，反式-10，顺式-12-共轭亚油酸（CLA；18:2n-6）与脂肪组织（AT）炎症、氧化应激和消瘦有关。我们研究了在雌性C57BL/6N小鼠中，在存在和不存在0.5%CLA的情况下，4周喂食0%、0.5%和1.5%二十二碳六烯酸（DHA；22:6n-3）对AT氧化脂质谱的影响。对来自亚油酸（LNA）、α-亚麻酸（ALA）、花生四烯酸（ARA）、二十碳五烯酸（EPA）、DHA以及推测来自CLA的AT中的酯化氧化脂质进行了定量。含CLA的饮食使AT质量降低了约62%。与对照饮食相比，DHA饮食提高了EPA和DHA衍生的醇类和环氧化物以及LNA衍生的醇类的浓度，降低了ARA衍生的醇类、酮类、环氧化物和6-酮-前列腺素（PG）F（P<0.05），并且对ALA衍生的醇类有混合作用。饮食中的CLA降低了EPA、DHA和ALA衍生的环氧化物、ARA衍生的酮类和环氧化物以及ALA衍生的醇类。虽然饮食中的CLA对EPA、DHA和LNA衍生的醇类以及LNA衍生的酮类产生了不同的影响，但它提高了ARA衍生的醇类以及PGF、PGF和F2-异前列腺素。DHA分别抵消了CLA对总DHA、ARA、EPA和ALA衍生的氧化脂质中67%、57%、43%和29%的诱导作用。因此，CLA提高了促炎氧化脂质，而DHA增加了抗炎氧化脂质，并降低了AT中CLA诱导的促炎氧化脂质的浓度。
