Bengtsson Victor, Yu Ji-Guo, Gilenstam Kajsa
Unit of Sports Medicine, Department of Community Health and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Unit of Sports Medicine, Department of Community Health and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden -
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2018 Sep;58(9):1185-1189. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.17.07101-8. Epub 2017 Apr 13.
Static stretching (SS) is widely used in warm-up as it is generally believed to increase mobility and reduce the risk of injury; however, SS has been shown to induce transient negative effects on subsequent muscle performance. Interestingly, recent studies have shown that sport-specific exercise could restore SS-induced negative effects on certain sports, especially of explosive muscular performance. Whether sport-specific exercise could restore SS-induced negative effects on isokinetic muscle performance remains unclear.
The present study conducted two different warm-ups: 2-component warm-up and 3-component warm-up on 15 university students. Both protocols contained low intensity aerobic exercise and sport-specific exercise, whereas the 3-component warm-up also contained SS which has been previously proven to induce negative effects on subsequent muscle performance. After the warm-ups, the subjects performed an isokinetic test on a Biodex. In order to make the sport-specific exercise mimic the subsequent test, both included concentric isokinetic knee extension. During the tests, muscle performance of peak torque, mean power, and total work was recorded. Comparison of the measurements on each parameter between the two warm-ups was performed using paired t-test.
The comparisons did not reveal any significant difference in the measurement of any parameter between the two different warm-up protocols, and calculation of Cohen's d revealed small effect sizes on all of the three variables.
On the basis of the study results, we concluded that the negative effects of the SS on the variables were restored by the isokinetic contractions.
静态拉伸（SS）在热身中被广泛使用，因为人们普遍认为它能增加关节活动度并降低受伤风险；然而，已有研究表明，静态拉伸会对随后的肌肉表现产生短暂的负面影响。有趣的是，最近的研究表明，专项运动练习可以恢复静态拉伸对某些运动产生的负面影响，尤其是对爆发性肌肉表现的影响。专项运动练习是否能恢复静态拉伸对等速肌肉表现的负面影响仍不清楚。
本研究对15名大学生进行了两种不同的热身：两部分热身和三部分热身。两种方案都包含低强度有氧运动和专项运动练习，而三部分热身还包含静态拉伸，此前已证明静态拉伸会对随后的肌肉表现产生负面影响。热身结束后，受试者在Biodex上进行等速测试。为了使专项运动练习模拟随后的测试，两者都包括向心等速伸膝动作。在测试过程中，记录峰值扭矩、平均功率和总功等肌肉表现指标。使用配对t检验对两种热身方案在每个参数上的测量结果进行比较。
比较结果显示，两种不同的热身方案在任何参数的测量上均未发现显著差异，计算科恩d值显示，所有三个变量的效应量都较小。
基于研究结果，我们得出结论，等速收缩恢复了静态拉伸对这些变量的负面影响。
