Pitfield Rosie, Miszkiewicz Justyna J, Mahoney Patrick
Human Osteology Lab, Skeletal Biology Research Centre, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NR, UK.
Skeletal Biology and Forensic Anthropology Research Group, School of Archaeology and Anthropology, The Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, Australia.
Calcif Tissue Int. 2017 Aug;101(2):148-158. doi: 10.1007/s00223-017-0268-1. Epub 2017 Apr 17.
Modeling and remodeling are two key determinants of human skeletal growth though little is known about the histomorphometry of cortical bone during ontogeny. In this study, we examined the density and geometric properties of primary and secondary osteons (osteon area and diameter, vascular canal area and diameter) in subperiosteal cortical bone from the human humerus (n = 84) between birth and age 18 years. Sections were removed from the anterior midshaft aspect of humeri from skeletons. Age-at-death was reconstructed using standard osteological techniques. Analyses revealed significant correlation between the histomorphometric variables and age. Higher densities of primary osteons occurred between infancy and 7 years of age but were almost completely replaced by secondary osteons after 14 years of age. The geometry of primary osteons was less clearly related to age. Secondary osteons were visible after 2 years of age and reached their greatest densities in the oldest individuals. Osteon size was positively but weakly influenced by age. Our data imply that modeling and remodeling are age-dependent processes that vary markedly from birth to adulthood in the human humerus.
建模和重塑是人类骨骼生长的两个关键决定因素，尽管人们对个体发育过程中皮质骨的组织形态计量学了解甚少。在本研究中，我们检查了出生至18岁之间人类肱骨（n = 84）骨膜下皮质骨中初级和次级骨单位的密度和几何特性（骨单位面积和直径、血管管腔面积和直径）。从骨骼的肱骨前中轴部位取出切片。使用标准骨学技术重建死亡年龄。分析显示组织形态计量学变量与年龄之间存在显著相关性。初级骨单位在婴儿期至7岁之间密度较高，但在14岁以后几乎完全被次级骨单位取代。初级骨单位的几何形状与年龄的关系不太明显。次级骨单位在2岁后可见，并在年龄最大的个体中达到最高密度。骨单位大小受年龄的正向但微弱影响。我们的数据表明，建模和重塑是与年龄相关的过程，在人类肱骨中从出生到成年有显著变化。
