Gostin Lawrence O
O'Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA.
Med Law Rev. 2017 May 1;25(2):185-199. doi: 10.1093/medlaw/fwx016.
The international community vastly underestimates the risk and scale of our shared vulnerability to fast moving pathogens. Ranging from SARS and novel influenzas to Ebola and Zika, the world seems to be caught off guard, despite the regularity of global health threats historically. More importantly, when governments and international institutions underestimate the threat, they also underinvest in preparedness. Failure to prepare has deep costs in human lives and economic productivity. Here, I offer a pathway to preparedness for, and rapid response to, infectious disease threats: robust and resilient national health systems; strong institutions capable of leading, particularly the World Health Organization; and investments in research and development. Overall, the world needs a strong system of laws and governance, ranging from the International Health Regulations through to norms of transparency and accountability. To secure our common future, the world needs sustained investment and leadership. I propose a 'security dividend', both financial and institutional, to remake the global health security system.
国际社会极大地低估了我们共同面对快速传播病原体时的风险和脆弱程度。从非典、新型流感到埃博拉和寨卡病毒，尽管全球健康威胁在历史上一直存在，但世界似乎总是措手不及。更重要的是，当政府和国际机构低估威胁时，它们在防范方面的投入也不足。缺乏准备会在人类生命和经济生产力方面造成巨大损失。在此，我提出一条应对传染病威胁并做出快速反应的准备途径：强大且有韧性的国家卫生系统；有能力发挥领导作用的强大机构，尤其是世界卫生组织；以及对研发的投资。总体而言，世界需要一个强大的法律和治理体系，从《国际卫生条例》到透明度和问责制规范。为确保我们共同的未来，世界需要持续的投资和领导力。我提议设立一种“安全红利”，包括财政和机构方面的，以重塑全球卫生安全体系。
