Sadeghi Taktom, Ahmadi Amirmasoud, Javadian Maryam, Gholamian Sayyed Asghar, Delavar Mouloud Agajani, Esmailzadeh Sedigheh, Ahmadi Bahare, Hadighi Mozhgan Sadat Hassanpour
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Rom J Intern Med. 2017 Sep 26;55(3):145-150. doi: 10.1515/rjim-2017-0017.
The issue of preterm birth due to exposure to magnetic fields from power lines is unclear. Exposure to electromagnetic field in uterus has been hypothesized as possible preterm birth. The aim of the present study was to determine whether living closer to high voltage power lines increased the risk of preterm labor.
In a nested case-control study, 135 cases of singleton live spontaneous preterm birth in Rohani hospital, Babol, Iran, during the period between 2013 and 2014 were studied. The 150 control subjects were singleton term live birth in the same year of birth and city of residence using randomized-digit dialing. The shortest distance to any of the high voltage power lines to the maternal residence during pregnancy was measured using ArcGIS software for every case and control. To test the association between the preterm births and the residential proximity to power lines, stepwise multiple logistic regression was used.
There were 28 households, 20 cases (14.8%) and 8 controls (5.3%) situated within 600 meters of high voltage power lines. The adjusted OR for spontaneous preterm birth and birth defect in women who were living in less than 600 meters from high voltage power lines was higher compared to those living at farther distance (OR = 3.28, CI: 1.37 to 7.85) and (OR = 5.05, CI: 1.52 to 16.78), respectively.
Therefore, installing overhead power lines and stations within 600 meters or making overhead underground would be useful in the prevention of both preterm birth and birth defect.
因接触输电线磁场导致早产的问题尚不清楚。子宫内接触电磁场被认为可能导致早产。本研究的目的是确定居住在靠近高压输电线的地方是否会增加早产的风险。
在一项巢式病例对照研究中，对2013年至2014年期间伊朗巴博尔市罗哈尼医院的135例单胎活产自发早产病例进行了研究。150名对照对象是同年在同一居住城市通过随机数字拨号选取的单胎足月活产。使用ArcGIS软件测量每个病例和对照对象孕期居住地到任何高压输电线的最短距离。为检验早产与居住距离输电线之间的关联，采用逐步多元逻辑回归分析。
有28户家庭，其中20例（14.8%）病例和8例（5.3%）对照居住在距离高压输电线600米以内。居住在距离高压输电线不到600米的女性，自发早产和出生缺陷的校正比值比分别高于居住在更远距离的女性（比值比 = 3.28，可信区间：1.37至7.85）和（比值比 = 5.05，可信区间：1.52至16.78）。
因此，在600米范围内安装架空输电线和变电站或改为地下架空，对于预防早产和出生缺陷可能是有用的。
