Sun Wei-Wei, Zhu Ping, Shi Yan-Chuan, Zhang Chen-Liang, Huang Xu-Feng, Liang Shi-Yu, Song Zhi-Yuan, Lin Shu
1 Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
2 Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Diab Vasc Dis Res. 2017 Jul;14(4):277-284. doi: 10.1177/1479164117704380. Epub 2017 Apr 20.
Diabetes-induced atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death of diabetic patients. Neuronal regulation plays a critical role in glucose metabolism and cardiovascular function under physiological and pathological conditions, among which, neurotransmitter neuropeptide Y has been shown to be closely involved in these two processes. Elevated central neuropeptide Y level promotes food intake and reduces energy expenditure, thereby increasing adiposity. Neuropeptide Y is co-localized with noradrenaline in central and sympathetic nervous systems. As a major peripheral vascular contractive neurotransmitter, through interactions with its receptors, neuropeptide Y has been implicated in the pathology and progression of diabetes, by promoting the proliferation of endothelial cells and vascular fibrosis, which may contribute to diabetes-induced cardiovascular disease. Neuropeptide Y also participates in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, the major form of cardiovascular disease, via aggravating endothelial dysfunction, growth of vascular smooth muscle cells, formation of foam cells and platelets aggregation. This review highlights the causal role of neuropeptide Y and its receptor system in the development of diabetes mellitus and one of its complications: atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The information from this review provides both critical insights onto the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and evidence for the development of therapeutic strategies.
糖尿病诱发的动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病是糖尿病患者的主要死因。在生理和病理条件下，神经调节在葡萄糖代谢和心血管功能中起着关键作用，其中，神经递质神经肽Y已被证明与这两个过程密切相关。中枢神经肽Y水平升高会促进食物摄入并减少能量消耗，从而增加肥胖。神经肽Y与去甲肾上腺素在中枢和交感神经系统中共定位。作为一种主要的外周血管收缩性神经递质，通过与其受体相互作用，神经肽Y通过促进内皮细胞增殖和血管纤维化，参与了糖尿病的病理过程和进展，这可能导致糖尿病诱发的心血管疾病。神经肽Y还通过加重内皮功能障碍、血管平滑肌细胞生长、泡沫细胞形成和血小板聚集，参与了心血管疾病的主要形式——动脉粥样硬化的发病机制。本综述强调了神经肽Y及其受体系统在糖尿病及其并发症之一——动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病发展中的因果作用。本综述提供的信息既为深入了解动脉粥样硬化发病机制的潜在机制提供了关键见解，也为治疗策略的开发提供了证据。
