Sigorski Dawid, Sejda Aleksandra, Abualsaud Nouran, Krawczyk Ewa, Izycka-Swieszewska Ewa, Kitlinska Joanna
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, BSB 231A, 3900 Reservoir Rd., NW, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.
Department of Oncology, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland.
Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2025 Jan 6;44(1):21. doi: 10.1007/s10555-024-10237-z.
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a sympathetic neurotransmitter widely distributed in the peripheral and central nervous system, affecting many physiological functions. Consequently, dysregulation of the NPY system contributes to numerous pathological disorders, including stress, obesity, and cancer. The pleiotropic functions of NPY in humans are mediated by G protein-coupled receptors (Y1R, Y2R, Y5R), which activate several signaling pathways and thereby regulate cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, proliferation, angiogenesis, and metabolism. These activities of NPY are highly relevant to tumor biology and known hallmarks of cancer, including sustained proliferative potential, resisting cell death, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastases. In this comprehensive review, we describe the cellular functions of NPY and discuss its role in cancer pathobiology, as well as provide the current state of knowledge pertaining to NPY and its receptors in various cancer types. Moreover, we focus on potential clinical applications targeting the NPY system, such as its role as a prognostic and predictive factor, as well as its utility in cancer diagnostics, imaging, and treatment. Altogether, growing evidence supports the significant role of the NPY system in tumor pathobiology and implicates its potential therapeutic and diagnostic value in modern oncology.
神经肽Y（NPY）是一种交感神经递质，广泛分布于外周和中枢神经系统，影响多种生理功能。因此，NPY系统的失调会导致多种病理紊乱，包括应激、肥胖和癌症。NPY在人体内的多效性功能由G蛋白偶联受体（Y1R、Y2R、Y5R）介导，这些受体激活多种信号通路，从而调节细胞生长、分化、凋亡、增殖、血管生成和代谢。NPY的这些活性与肿瘤生物学及癌症的已知特征高度相关，包括持续增殖潜能、抗细胞死亡、血管生成、侵袭和转移。在这篇综述中，我们描述了NPY的细胞功能，讨论了其在癌症病理生物学中的作用，并介绍了关于NPY及其受体在各种癌症类型中的研究现状。此外，我们重点关注针对NPY系统的潜在临床应用，例如其作为预后和预测因子的作用，以及在癌症诊断、成像和治疗中的效用。总之，越来越多的证据支持NPY系统在肿瘤病理生物学中的重要作用，并暗示了其在现代肿瘤学中的潜在治疗和诊断价值。
