Kõks Sulev, Kõks Gea
1 Department of Pathophysiology, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia.
2 Department of Reproductive Biology, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu 50411, Estonia.
Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2017 Jun;242(11):1207-1212. doi: 10.1177/1535370217703977. Epub 2017 Apr 19.
Smoking is one of the most significant modifiable environmental risk factors for many diseases. Smoking causes excessive mortality worldwide. Despite decades of long research, there has not been a clear understanding regarding the molecular mechanism that makes smoking harmful to health. Some recent studies have found that smoking influences most significantly the expression and methylation of GPR15. GPR15 is an orphan receptor that is involved in the regulation of the innate immunity and the T-cell trafficking in the intestinal epithelium. Further studies have confirmed that GPR15 is very strongly involved in smoking and smoking-induced molecular changes. Therefore, the altered expression and epigenetic regulation of GPR15 could have a significant role in the health impact of smoking. Impact statement The review describes an orphan receptor GPR15 that has recently been found to be influenced by smoking. This makes GPR15 very sensitive and adequate biomarker for smoking and smoking studies. Also, activation of GPR15 by smoking could help to explain its effects on health.
吸烟是导致多种疾病的最重要的可改变环境风险因素之一。吸烟在全球范围内导致过高的死亡率。尽管经过了数十年的长期研究，但对于吸烟危害健康的分子机制仍未形成清晰的认识。最近的一些研究发现，吸烟对GPR15的表达和甲基化影响最为显著。GPR15是一种孤儿受体，参与肠道上皮细胞先天免疫和T细胞运输的调节。进一步的研究证实，GPR15与吸烟及吸烟诱导的分子变化密切相关。因此，GPR15表达和表观遗传调控的改变可能在吸烟对健康的影响中发挥重要作用。影响声明 本综述描述了一种最近发现受吸烟影响的孤儿受体GPR15。这使得GPR15成为吸烟及吸烟研究中非常敏感且合适的生物标志物。此外，吸烟对GPR15的激活有助于解释其对健康的影响。
