Housholder G T
Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston.
J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1988 Sep;46(9):781-7. doi: 10.1016/0278-2391(88)90189-9.
Control of the coagulation pathway requires mechanisms that limit and localize the clotting process. The vascular endothelium has been shown to play an active role in preventing blood clot formation in vivo. The endothelial cell surface contains a thrombin-binding protein, thrombomodulin, which, when complexed with thrombin, activates vitamin K-dependent protein C, an endogenous anticoagulant. Protein C and its cofactor, protein S, inhibit the clotting process by inactivating factors Va and VIIIa and, additionally, enhance the lysis of fibrin. It has been demonstrated by the detection of heterozygous and homozygous protein C-deficient patients with severe thrombotic complications that protein C is a major regulatory protein of hemostasis and thrombosis. This endogenous anticoagulant pathway is providing a better understanding of both congenital and acquired thrombotic disorders.
凝血途径的控制需要限制和定位凝血过程的机制。血管内皮在体内防止血栓形成方面发挥着积极作用。内皮细胞表面含有一种凝血酶结合蛋白——血栓调节蛋白，它与凝血酶结合后会激活维生素K依赖的蛋白C，一种内源性抗凝剂。蛋白C及其辅因子蛋白S通过使因子Va和VIIIa失活来抑制凝血过程，此外，还能增强纤维蛋白的溶解。通过检测患有严重血栓并发症的杂合子和纯合子蛋白C缺乏患者，已证明蛋白C是止血和血栓形成的主要调节蛋白。这种内源性抗凝途径有助于更好地理解先天性和获得性血栓性疾病。
