Grysman Azriel, Dimakis Sarah
a Depatment of Psychology , Hamilton College , Clinton , NY , USA.
Neuropsychol Dev Cogn B Aging Neuropsychol Cogn. 2018 May;25(3):406-426. doi: 10.1080/13825585.2017.1319458. Epub 2017 Apr 20.
The cultural life script (CLS) refers to expected prototypical life events, often including life transitions overwhelmingly occurring at ages 11-30. This study outlined CLS events at ages after the majority of these events typically occur. Participants, age 38-76, nominated events they expected a person of their age to experience in the future. Participants rated each event's valence, importance, prevalence, and expected age of occurrence. Events were coded into three categories: the normative CLS for events listed by previous CLS studies, offspring's CLS for experiencing CLS events of offspring, and later adulthood CLS for other events nominated by at least 4% of participants. Results suggest scripted events highlighting positivity and change. Offspring's CLS was more positive and occurred earlier than others. Correlations emerged between event characteristics and well-being. Results affirm the prominence of transitions in memory, and suggest ways that older adults maintain well-being despite a cultural narrative that emphasizes decline.
文化生活脚本(CLS)指的是预期的典型生活事件,通常包括绝大多数发生在11至30岁的生活转变。本研究概述了这些事件大多发生之后年龄段的CLS事件。38至76岁的参与者提名了他们预期同龄人在未来会经历的事件。参与者对每个事件的效价、重要性、普遍性和预期发生年龄进行了评分。事件被编码为三类:先前CLS研究列出的事件的规范性CLS、经历后代CLS事件的后代CLS,以及至少4%的参与者提名的其他事件的成年后期CLS。结果表明,脚本化事件突出了积极性和变化。后代的CLS比其他的更积极,且发生得更早。事件特征与幸福感之间存在相关性。结果证实了转变在记忆中的突出地位,并提出了老年人在强调衰退的文化叙事下仍能保持幸福感的方法。