Moura Jessica, Aboul-Enein Basil H, Bernstein Joshua, Kruk Joanna
1 College of Professional Studies, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
2 Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Nutr Health. 2017 Jun;23(2):67-74. doi: 10.1177/0260106017704797. Epub 2017 Apr 21.
Overweight and obesity continues to be a significant public health burden in the US and particularly among military personnel. Although the US Department of Defense mandates standardized physical activity requirements for military members, incidence and prevalence of overweight and obesity among military personnel continue to increase. Each military department controls their own interventional strategies for physical fitness and weight control. However, unique challenges such as geographic transients, lack of central standardization and empirical efficacy data across military departments, and chronic stress associated with military service adversely affect program outcomes. This brief narrative report explores overweight and obesity interventions among military populations from 2006 to 2016 and includes programmatic reviews of eight overweight and obesity interventions: The Prevention of Obesity in Military Community; Health Eating, Activity, and Lifestyle Training Headquarters (H.E.A.L.T.H); ArmyMOVE!; L.I.F.E.; Look AHEAD; Nutrition-focused Wellness Coaching; Go for Green; and LE3AN. A majority of these interventions did not report significant weight loss 6 months post intervention, and did not mention a theoretical foundation within the interventions. Further research to examine the importance of theory-based programming is warranted to improve process and outcome objectives.
超重和肥胖在美国仍然是一个重大的公共卫生负担，在军事人员中尤为如此。尽管美国国防部为军事人员规定了标准化的体育活动要求，但军事人员中超重和肥胖的发病率及患病率仍在持续上升。各军事部门自行控制其针对体能和体重控制的干预策略。然而，诸如地理上的流动性、各军事部门缺乏中央标准化和实证疗效数据，以及与军事服役相关的慢性压力等独特挑战，对项目成果产生了不利影响。这份简短的叙述性报告探讨了2006年至2016年期间军事人群中的超重和肥胖干预措施，包括对八项超重和肥胖干预措施的项目审查：军事社区肥胖预防；健康饮食、活动和生活方式训练总部（H.E.A.L.T.H）；陆军行动！；生活；展望未来；以营养为重点的健康指导；追求绿色；以及LE3AN。这些干预措施中的大多数在干预后6个月并未报告显著的体重减轻，且未提及干预措施中的理论基础。有必要进行进一步研究，以检验基于理论的项目规划的重要性，从而改善过程和结果目标。
