Taciak Marcin, Barszcz Marcin, Święch Ewa, Tuśnio Anna, Bachanek Ilona
a Department of Monogastric Nutrition , The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences , Jabłonna , Poland.
Arch Anim Nutr. 2017 Jun;71(3):192-209. doi: 10.1080/1745039X.2017.1291202. Epub 2017 Mar 1.
The study aimed at determining the effect of protein type and indigestible carbohydrates on the concentration of microbial metabolites in the large intestine of pigs. The experiment involved 36 pigs (15 kg initial body weight) divided into six groups, fed cereal-based diets with highly digestible casein (CAS) or potato protein concentrate (PPC) of lower ileal digestibility. Each diet was supplemented with cellulose, raw potato starch or pectin. After 2 weeks of feeding, pigs were sacrificed and samples of caecal and ascending, transverse and descending colon digesta were collected for analyses of microbial metabolites. PPC increased the concentration of ammonia, p-cresol, indole, n-butyrate, isovalerate and most of the amines in comparison with CAS. Pectin reduced the production of p-cresol, indole, phenylethylamine and isovalerate in the large intestine compared with potato starch. Starch and pectin increased mainly the concentration of n-butyrate and n-valerate in the colon compared to cellulose. Interaction affected mainly amines. Feeding PPC diet with potato starch considerably increased putrescine, cadaverine, tyramine and total amines concentrations compared with PPC diets with pectin and cellulose, whereas feeding CAS diet with starch reduced their concentrations. There was also a significant effect of interaction between diet and intestinal segment on microbial metabolites. In conclusion, PPC intensifies proteolysis in the large intestine and also n-butyrate production. Raw starch and pectin similarly increase n-butyrate concentration but pectin inhibits proteolysis more efficiently than starch. The interactive effects of both factors indicate that pectin and cellulose may beneficially affect fermentative processes in case of greater protein flow to the large intestine.
本研究旨在确定蛋白质类型和难消化碳水化合物对猪大肠中微生物代谢物浓度的影响。实验涉及36头猪（初始体重15千克），分为六组，分别饲喂以谷物为基础、含有回肠消化率高的酪蛋白（CAS）或回肠消化率较低的马铃薯浓缩蛋白（PPC）的日粮。每种日粮均添加纤维素、生马铃薯淀粉或果胶。饲喂2周后，宰杀猪，收集盲肠、升结肠、横结肠和降结肠内容物样本，用于分析微生物代谢物。与CAS相比，PPC提高了氨、对甲酚、吲哚、正丁酸、异戊酸和大多数胺类的浓度。与马铃薯淀粉相比，果胶降低了大肠中对甲酚、吲哚、苯乙胺和异戊酸的产生。与纤维素相比，淀粉和果胶主要提高了结肠中正丁酸和正戊酸的浓度。交互作用主要影响胺类。与含果胶和纤维素的PPC日粮相比，饲喂含马铃薯淀粉的PPC日粮显著提高了腐胺、尸胺、酪胺和总胺类的浓度，而饲喂含淀粉的CAS日粮则降低了它们的浓度。日粮和肠段之间的交互作用对微生物代谢物也有显著影响。总之，PPC增强了大肠中的蛋白水解作用以及正丁酸的产生。生淀粉和果胶同样提高了正丁酸浓度，但果胶比淀粉更有效地抑制蛋白水解。这两个因素的交互作用表明，在更多蛋白质流入大肠的情况下，果胶和纤维素可能对发酵过程产生有益影响。
