Rodrigues Lucas A, Koo Bonjin, Nyachoti Martin, Columbus Daniel A
Prairie Swine Centre, Inc., Saskatoon, SK S7H 5N9, Canada.
Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Oct 21;12(20):2877. doi: 10.3390/ani12202877.
Our understanding of nutrition has been evolving to support both performance and immune status of pigs, particularly in disease-challenged animals which experience repartitioning of nutrients from growth towards the immune response. In this sense, it is critical to understand how stress may impact nutrient metabolism and the effects of nutritional interventions able to modulate organ (e.g., gastrointestinal tract) functionality and health. This will be pivotal in the development of effective diet formulation strategies in the context of improved animal performance and health. Therefore, this review will address qualitative and quantitative effects of immune system stimulation on voluntary feed intake and growth performance measurements in pigs. Due to the known repartitioning of nutrients, the effects of stimulating the immune system on nutrient requirements, stratified according to different challenge models, will be explored. Finally, different nutritional strategies (i.e., low protein, amino acid-supplemented diets; functional amino acid supplementation; dietary fiber level and source; diet complexity; organic acids; plant secondary metabolites) will be presented and discussed in the context of their possible role in enhancing the immune response and animal performance.
我们对营养的理解一直在不断发展，以支持猪的生长性能和免疫状态，特别是在患病动物中，这些动物会经历营养物质从生长向免疫反应的重新分配。从这个意义上说，了解应激如何影响营养代谢以及营养干预对调节器官（如胃肠道）功能和健康的影响至关重要。这对于在提高动物生长性能和健康的背景下制定有效的日粮配方策略将起到关键作用。因此，本综述将探讨免疫系统刺激对猪的自愿采食量和生长性能指标的定性和定量影响。由于已知营养物质的重新分配，将探讨根据不同应激模型刺激免疫系统对营养需求的影响。最后，将介绍并讨论不同的营养策略（即低蛋白、补充氨基酸的日粮；功能性氨基酸补充；膳食纤维水平和来源；日粮复杂性；有机酸；植物次生代谢产物）在增强免疫反应和动物生长性能方面可能发挥的作用。
