McBean A M, Thoms M L, Albrecht P, Cuthie J C, Bernier R
Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD.
Am J Epidemiol. 1988 Sep;128(3):615-28. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115009.
In a randomized, controlled trial carried out from November 1980 to July 1983 involving 1,114 infants in Baltimore City and in Baltimore and Prince George's counties, Maryland, the serologic response to three doses of two enhanced-potency inactivated polio vaccines was compared with the response to three doses of oral polio vaccine. The mean ages at vaccination were 2.2, 4.7, and 19.9 months, respectively, for the three doses. Seroconversion after the first dose varied from 35% to 84%, and it was higher after oral polio vaccine than after either of the enhanced-potency inactivated polio vaccines for polioviruses types 2 and 3. Approximately two and one-half and 16 months after the second dose, almost all inactivated polio vaccine recipients had antibodies against all three virus types (98-100%). Fewer oral polio vaccine recipients had detectable antibodies to type 1 (89-92%) and to type 3 (96%). After three doses of vaccine, all children had antibodies against types 2 and 3. Approximately 1% of the inactivated polio vaccine recipients and 3% of the oral polio vaccine recipients lacked antibody to type 1. One or two doses of oral polio vaccine stimulated higher reciprocal geometric mean antibody titers against type 2 poliovirus than did the inactivated polio vaccine. For the other two types, the results were mixed. The third dose of inactivated polio vaccine produced significant increases in the reciprocal geometric mean titers against each of the three poliovirus types and resulted in significantly higher reciprocal geometric mean titers after three doses of vaccine for recipients of inactivated polio vaccine than for recipients of oral polio vaccine.
1980年11月至1983年7月，在马里兰州巴尔的摩市以及巴尔的摩县和乔治王子县开展了一项随机对照试验，涉及1114名婴儿。该试验比较了三剂两种高效灭活脊髓灰质炎疫苗的血清学反应与三剂口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗的反应。三剂疫苗接种时的平均年龄分别为2.2个月、4.7个月和19.9个月。第一剂疫苗接种后的血清转化率在35%至84%之间，对于2型和3型脊髓灰质炎病毒，口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗后的血清转化率高于任何一种高效灭活脊髓灰质炎疫苗。在第二剂疫苗接种后约两个半月和16个月时，几乎所有接种灭活脊髓灰质炎疫苗的人都产生了针对所有三种病毒类型的抗体（98%-100%）。接种口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗的人中，对1型病毒（89%-92%）和3型病毒（96%）有可检测抗体的人数较少。三剂疫苗接种后，所有儿童都产生了针对2型和3型病毒的抗体。约1%的灭活脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种者和3%的口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种者缺乏针对1型病毒的抗体。一到两剂口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗刺激产生的针对2型脊髓灰质炎病毒的几何平均抗体滴度倒数高于灭活脊髓灰质炎疫苗。对于其他两种类型，结果不一。第三剂灭活脊髓灰质炎疫苗使针对三种脊髓灰质炎病毒类型的几何平均滴度倒数显著增加，并且在三剂疫苗接种后，灭活脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种者的几何平均滴度倒数显著高于口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种者。
