Refaai Walid, Gad Medhat, Mahmmod Yasser
Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Sharkia Province, Egypt.
Directorate of Veterinary Medicine, Sharkia Branch, Zagazig, Sharkia Province, Egypt.
Vet World. 2017 Mar;10(3):358-362. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.358-362. Epub 2017 Mar 28.
Bovine mastitis and lameness are the most common production diseases affecting dairy farms worldwide resulting in huge economic impact and impaired animal welfare. The objective of this field study was to investigate the association of infectious and non-infectious claw disorders with the occurrence of subclinical intramammary infections (IMIs) diagnosed by California mastitis test (CMT) in dairy cows under Egyptian conditions.
A total of 43 dairy cows were included in this field study. Subclinical IMI was diagnosed by CMT on all lactating quarters of cows. A cow was considered to have subclinical IMI if it had at least one subclinically infected quarter (≥3). Cows were inspected carefully for claw disorders that recorded based on type and site. Locomotion and body condition scores were also recorded for each cow in addition to the limb affected. The association between the CMT and other explanatory variables was tested by Fisher's exact test.
The prevalence of infectious and non-infectious claw disorders was 81.4% (35/43) and 32.6% (14/43), respectively. Digital dermatitis (DD) and heel horn erosion were the most prevalent infectious type with 79% (34/43) and 58% (25/43), respectively, while wall fissure was the most identified non-infectious one 11.6% (5/43). The prevalence of claw disorders in hind limbs was 88.4% (38/43) and 11.6% (5/43) in the forelimbs. Infectious claw disorders were significantly associated with the subclinical IMI diagnosed by CMT (p<0.05). Non-infectious claw affections, locomotion score, body condition score, and the affected limb had no association with the occurrence of subclinical IMI.
DD is the highest prevalent claw disorder observed in dairy cows in Egypt. The hind limbs are more susceptible to claw disorders than the forelimbs. Infectious type of claw disorders is significantly associated with subclinical IMI diagnosed by CMT in dairy cows under Egyptian conditions indicating that the infectious types of claw affections may influence the udder health.
牛乳腺炎和跛行是影响全球奶牛场的最常见生产疾病，会造成巨大经济影响并损害动物福利。本田间研究的目的是调查在埃及条件下，传染性和非传染性蹄爪疾病与通过加利福尼亚乳腺炎检测（CMT）诊断的奶牛亚临床乳房内感染（IMI）发生情况之间的关联。
本田间研究共纳入43头奶牛。通过CMT对奶牛的所有泌乳乳腺进行亚临床IMI诊断。如果一头奶牛至少有一个亚临床感染乳腺（≥3），则认为该奶牛患有亚临床IMI。仔细检查奶牛的蹄爪疾病，并根据类型和部位进行记录。除了受影响的肢体外，还记录了每头奶牛的运动和体况评分。通过Fisher精确检验来检验CMT与其他解释变量之间的关联。
传染性和非传染性蹄爪疾病的患病率分别为81.4%（35/43）和32.6%（14/43）。趾间皮炎（DD）和蹄踵角质侵蚀是最常见的传染性类型，分别为79%（34/43）和58%（25/43），而蹄壁裂缝是最常见的非传染性类型，为11.6%（5/43）。后肢蹄爪疾病的患病率为88.4%（38/43），前肢为11.6%（5/43）。传染性蹄爪疾病与通过CMT诊断的亚临床IMI显著相关（p<0.05）。非传染性蹄爪疾病、运动评分、体况评分以及受影响的肢体与亚临床IMI的发生没有关联。
DD是埃及奶牛中观察到的最普遍的蹄爪疾病。后肢比前肢更容易患蹄爪疾病。在埃及条件下，传染性蹄爪疾病与通过CMT诊断的奶牛亚临床IMI显著相关，这表明传染性蹄爪疾病类型可能会影响乳房健康。
