Montgomery LaTrice, Carroll Kathleen M
a University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , Ohio.
b Yale University School of Medicine , West Haven , Connecticut.
J Ethn Subst Abuse. 2017 Oct-Dec;16(4):445-459. doi: 10.1080/15332640.2017.1308287. Epub 2017 Apr 25.
Multiple randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have evaluated a range of treatments for cocaine dependence, but few of these have focused specifically on the racial diversity observed among cocaine-dependent patients. The present analyses evaluated racial variation in cocaine use and addiction-related psychosocial outcomes at baseline and follow-up among 388 African American and White adults participating in 1 of 5 RCTs evaluating a range of pharmacological and behavioral treatments for cocaine use disorders. General linear modeling (GLM) indicated significant racial variation in cocaine and psychosocial indicators at baseline. At baseline, there were significant racial differences in the number of days paid for work in the 30 days prior to the study, age, days of cocaine use in the past month, age of first cocaine use, psychosocial problems (i.e., employment, cocaine, legal, and family), public assistance status, and prevalence of lifetime anxiety disorders. There were no significant main or interaction effects of race and study on treatment outcomes at posttreatment. These findings suggest that despite significant racial differences at baseline, the pharmacological and behavioral treatments resulted in fairly comparable outcomes across racial groups in these 5 RCTs.
多项随机临床试验（RCT）评估了一系列针对可卡因依赖的治疗方法，但其中很少有专门针对可卡因依赖患者中观察到的种族多样性的。本分析评估了参与5项评估可卡因使用障碍的一系列药物和行为治疗的RCT之一的388名非裔美国人和白人成年人在基线和随访时可卡因使用情况以及与成瘾相关的心理社会结果的种族差异。一般线性模型（GLM）表明基线时可卡因和心理社会指标存在显著的种族差异。在基线时，研究前30天有报酬工作的天数、年龄、过去一个月可卡因使用天数、首次使用可卡因的年龄、心理社会问题（即就业、可卡因、法律和家庭）、公共援助状况以及终身焦虑症患病率方面存在显著的种族差异。种族和研究对治疗后治疗结果没有显著的主效应或交互效应。这些发现表明，尽管基线时存在显著的种族差异，但在这5项RCT中，药物和行为治疗在不同种族群体中产生了相当可比的结果。
