Lefèvre Marie, Carlier Marie-Christine, Champelovier Patricia, Lambert Jacques, Laumon Bernard, Evrard Anne-Sophie
Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, IFSTTAR, UMRESTTE, UMR T_9405, Bron, France.
Hospices Civils de Lyon GH Sud CBAPS Laboratoire de Biochimie, Pierre Bénite, France.
Occup Environ Med. 2017 Aug;74(8):612-618. doi: 10.1136/oemed-2016-104208. Epub 2017 Apr 25.
Saliva cortisol is a possible marker of noise-induced stress and could then mediate the relation observed between exposure to aircraft or road traffic noise and cardiovascular diseases. However, the association between transportation noise and cortisol levels is still unclear. The objective of the study was to investigate the variability of saliva cortisol concentration as an indicator of disturbed hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis regulation in relation to long-term aircraft noise exposure.
Saliva samples were taken when awakening and before going to bed for 1244 participants older than 18 years of age. Information about health, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors was also collected by means of a face-to-face questionnaire performed at home by an interviewer. Aircraft noise exposure was assessed for each participant's home address using noise maps. Linear regression models were used to evaluate the effects of aircraft noise exposure on the morning and evening cortisol levels and on the daily variation of cortisol per hour.
This study suggests a modification of the cortisol circadian rhythm in relation to aircraft noise exposure. This exposure was associated with a smaller variation of cortisol levels over the day, with unchanged morning cortisol levels, but higher cortisol levels in the evening.
These findings provide some support for a psychological stress induced by aircraft noise exposure, resulting in HPA dysregulation and a flattened cortisol rhythm, thus contributing to cardiovascular diseases.
唾液皮质醇可能是噪声诱发应激的一个标志物，进而可能介导暴露于飞机或道路交通噪声与心血管疾病之间观察到的关联。然而，交通噪声与皮质醇水平之间的关联仍不明确。本研究的目的是调查唾液皮质醇浓度的变异性，作为下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴调节紊乱与长期飞机噪声暴露相关的一个指标。
对1244名18岁以上参与者在醒来时和睡前采集唾液样本。还通过访员在家中进行的面对面问卷调查收集了有关健康、社会经济和生活方式因素的信息。使用噪声地图评估了每位参与者家庭住址的飞机噪声暴露情况。采用线性回归模型评估飞机噪声暴露对早晨和晚上皮质醇水平以及每小时皮质醇日变化的影响。
本研究表明，与飞机噪声暴露相关的皮质醇昼夜节律存在改变。这种暴露与一天中皮质醇水平变化较小有关，早晨皮质醇水平不变，但晚上皮质醇水平较高。
这些发现为飞机噪声暴露诱发心理应激提供了一些支持，导致HPA轴调节失调和皮质醇节律变平，从而促成心血管疾病。
