Sütçü Murat, Acar Manolya, Aktürk Hacer, Hançerli Torun Selda, Beka Hayati, Ağaçfidan Ali, Salman Nuran, Somer Ayper
Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, İstanbul University İstanbul School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.
Department of Clinical Microbiology, İstanbul University İstanbul School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.
Balkan Med J. 2017 May 5;34(3):239-245. doi: 10.4274/balkanmedj.2015.1571. Epub 2017 Apr 6.
Paediatric HIV infection is different from the adult type of disease in many ways, including transmission routes, clinical findings and treatment strategies.
To evaluate clinical data of paediatric patients with HIV disease.
Retrospective cross-sectional study.
The charts of 22 paediatric patients diagnosed with HIV infection in our clinic during a 14 year period through 2001-2015 were retrospectively analysed. Clinical data, laboratory findings, treatment modalities and outcomes were recorded.
The mean age of diagnosis 61.9±49.2 months and the mean follow-up period was 60.3±37.5 months. Seven patients (31.8%) were foreigners and the most common transmission route was vertical transmission (n=16, 72.7%). The most common presenting symptom and the sign were history of recurrent upper respiratory tract infections (n=8, 36.4%) and lymphadenopathy (n=12, 54.5%), respectively. Recurrent pneumonia (n=6, 27.3%), prolonged fever (n=5, 22.7%), recurrent otitis media (n=4, 18.2%), and gastroenteritis (n=4, 18.2%) were other clinical symptoms. Other than bacterial sinopulmonary infections, tuberculosis was the most frequent opportunistic infection (n=3, 13.6%). Mortality occurred in two patients (9.1%).
Although mostly vertically transmitted, HIV infection may be diagnosed throughout the childhood. Frequently encountered signs and symptoms may be the reason for doctor admission. High clinical suspicion together with detailed anamnestic data and physical findings constitute the basis for pediatric HIV diagnosis.
儿童HIV感染在许多方面与成人疾病类型不同，包括传播途径、临床表现和治疗策略。
评估儿童HIV疾病患者的临床数据。
回顾性横断面研究。
回顾性分析了2001年至2015年期间在我们诊所诊断为HIV感染的22例儿科患者的病历。记录临床数据、实验室检查结果、治疗方式和结局。
诊断时的平均年龄为61.9±49.2个月，平均随访期为60.3±37.5个月。7例患者（31.8%）为外国人，最常见的传播途径是垂直传播（n = 16，72.7%）。最常见的症状和体征分别是反复上呼吸道感染史（n = 8，36.4%）和淋巴结病（n = 12，54.5%）。反复肺炎（n = 6，27.3%）、长期发热（n = 5，22.7%）、反复中耳炎（n = 4，18.2%）和胃肠炎（n = 4，18.2%）是其他临床症状。除细菌性鼻窦肺部感染外，结核病是最常见的机会性感染（n = 3，13.6%）。2例患者（9.1%）死亡。
尽管HIV感染大多为垂直传播，但在整个儿童期均可诊断。常见的体征和症状可能是患儿就诊的原因。高度的临床怀疑以及详细的病史资料和体格检查结果构成了儿童HIV诊断的基础。
