Simcock Gabrielle, Elgbeili Guillaume, Laplante David P, Kildea Sue, Cobham Vanessa, Stapleton Helen, Austin Marie-Paule, Brunet Alain, King Suzanne
*Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland (UQ), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; †School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; ‡Schizophrenia and Neurodevelopmental Disorders Research, Douglas Mental Health Research Institute, Verdun, QC, Canada; §School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; ‖School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales and St John of God Health Care, Sydney, Australia; ¶Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2017 Jun;38(5):310-321. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000444.
This study examined the effects of disaster-related prenatal maternal stress on infant temperament and whether the sex of the infant or the timing of the stressor in pregnancy would moderate the effects.
Mothers' objective experiences of a sudden-onset flood in Queensland, Australia, their subjective emotional reactions, and cognitive appraisal of the event were assessed. At 6 months postpartum, 121 mothers reported their infant's temperament on the 5 dimensions of the Short Temperament Scale for Infants.
When controlling for postnatal maternal factors, subjective prenatal maternal stress and cognitive appraisal of the disaster were associated with easier aspects of infant temperament. However, several interesting interactions emerged showing negative effects of the flood. With higher levels of objective hardship in pregnancy, boys (but not girls) received more irritable temperament ratings. When the flood occurred early in pregnancy, higher levels of objective hardship predicted more arrhythmic infant temperament. Finally, mothers whose emotional response to the flood exceeded the hardship they endured reported significantly more active-reactive infants.
Prenatal maternal stress from a natural disaster predicted more difficult temperament ratings that were moderated by infant sex, timing of the flood in gestation, and mother's emotional response to the disaster.
本研究考察了与灾难相关的产前母亲压力对婴儿气质的影响，以及婴儿性别或孕期压力源出现的时间是否会调节这种影响。
评估了澳大利亚昆士兰州母亲们对突发洪水的客观经历、她们的主观情绪反应以及对该事件的认知评估。产后6个月时，121位母亲在《婴儿简短气质量表》的5个维度上报告了其婴儿的气质。
在控制产后母亲因素后，产前母亲的主观压力和对灾难的认知评估与婴儿气质中较随和的方面相关。然而，出现了一些有趣的交互作用，显示出洪水的负面影响。孕期客观困难程度较高时，男孩（而非女孩）的气质易怒程度评分更高。当洪水发生在孕期早期时，较高的客观困难程度预示着婴儿气质更无规律。最后，对洪水的情绪反应超过其所承受困难的母亲报告称，其婴儿的积极反应性明显更强。
自然灾害导致的产前母亲压力预示着更难的气质评分，这种评分会受到婴儿性别、孕期洪水发生时间以及母亲对灾难的情绪反应的调节。
