Chen Guang-Zong, Zhu Hong-Cheng, Dai Wang-Shu, Zeng Xiao-Ning, Luo Jin-Hua, Sun Xin-Chen
Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
J Thorac Dis. 2017 Mar;9(3):849-859. doi: 10.21037/jtd.2017.03.23.
Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer and the sixth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Surgery is the primary form of treatment, but the survival is poor, especially for patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer. Radiotherapy has been a critical treatment option that may be combined with chemotherapy in patients with unresectable esophageal cancer. However, resistance to chemoradiotherapy might result in treatment failures and cancer relapse. This review will mainly focus on the possible cellular mechanisms and tumor-associated microenvironmental (TAM) factors that result in radioresistance in patients with esophageal cancer. In addition, current strategies to increase radiosensitivity, including targeted therapy and the use of radiosensitive biomarkers in clinical treatment, are discussed in this review.
食管癌是全球第八大常见癌症，也是癌症相关死亡的第六大主要原因。手术是主要的治疗方式，但生存率较低，尤其是局部晚期食管癌患者。放射治疗一直是一种关键的治疗选择，对于无法切除的食管癌患者，可与化疗联合使用。然而，放化疗耐药可能导致治疗失败和癌症复发。本综述将主要关注导致食管癌患者放射抵抗的可能细胞机制和肿瘤相关微环境（TAM）因素。此外，本综述还讨论了目前提高放射敏感性的策略，包括靶向治疗以及在临床治疗中使用放射敏感性生物标志物。
