Banyasz Alissa, Weiskittle Rachel, Lorenz Amanda, Goodman Lauren, Wells-Di Gregorio Sharla
1 Department of Psychiatry, Psychosocial Oncology, Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute , Columbus, Ohio.
2 Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio.
J Palliat Med. 2017 Oct;20(10):1091-1097. doi: 10.1089/jpm.2016.0235. Epub 2017 Apr 28.
Research indicates that bereavement services reduce distress and support adjustment in the bereaved, particularly those experiencing significant levels of depression or grief. However, the service use of bereaved individuals and whether utilization differs among those experiencing depression and complicated grief currently remain unclear. Research is needed to clarify the preferences of the bereaved, including specific bereaved subgroups.
The purpose of this study was to explore the bereavement service preferences of bereaved family members whose loved one died in the hospital and identify group differences in service use among individuals with and without depression and complicated grief, considering time since the death of the patient.
In this cross-sectional study, self-report data were collected from family members primarily between 3 and 18 months following the death of the patient in the hospital.
Academic medical center.
We explored helpfulness ratings and actual and projected service utilization of a comprehensive list of hospital and community bereavement services, and compared findings between those with and without depression and complicated grief, considering timing since patient death.
Services receiving the highest helpfulness ratings by the entire sample included time alone with the deceased, a quiet room to be alone after the death, sympathy cards from hospital staff, memorial services, chaplain support before/during time of death, an educational grief booklet, grief book recommendations, a check-in phone call from hospital staff, individual counseling, and a relationship-specific support group. Individuals with depression and complicated grief reported a greater willingness to utilize specific services, including a memorial website, support groups, a holiday workshop, and individual/family psychotherapy.
Findings indicate a difference in the projected service use of the bereaved experiencing depression and/or complicated grief. Follow-up screenings 6-12 months post-bereavement are recommended to identify those in need of formal psychosocial support.
研究表明，丧亲服务可减轻丧亲者的痛苦并帮助其适应，尤其是那些经历严重抑郁或悲痛的人。然而，丧亲者的服务使用情况以及在经历抑郁和复杂悲伤的人群中服务利用率是否存在差异目前尚不清楚。需要进行研究以明确丧亲者的偏好，包括特定的丧亲亚组。
本研究的目的是探讨在医院中亲人去世的丧亲家庭成员对丧亲服务的偏好，并确定有抑郁和复杂悲伤与无抑郁和复杂悲伤的个体在服务使用上的群体差异，同时考虑患者死亡后的时间。
在这项横断面研究中，主要在患者在医院死亡后的3至18个月期间从家庭成员收集自我报告数据。
学术医疗中心。
我们探讨了一系列医院和社区丧亲服务的帮助评分以及实际和预期的服务利用率，并比较了有抑郁和复杂悲伤与无抑郁和复杂悲伤的个体之间的结果，同时考虑患者死亡后的时间。
整个样本中获得最高帮助评分的服务包括与逝者独处的时间、死后独自待着的安静房间、医院工作人员的慰问卡、追悼会、死亡前/期间的牧师支持、一本教育性的悲伤手册、悲伤书籍推荐、医院工作人员的跟进电话、个体咨询以及特定关系的支持小组。患有抑郁和复杂悲伤的个体报告更愿意使用特定服务，包括纪念网站、支持小组、节日工作坊以及个体/家庭心理治疗。
研究结果表明，经历抑郁和/或复杂悲伤的丧亲者在预期服务使用上存在差异。建议在丧亲后6至12个月进行随访筛查，以识别那些需要正式心理社会支持的人。
