Rivaldería Noemí, Gutiérrez-Redomero Esperanza, Alonso-Rodríguez Concepción, Dipierri José E, Martín Luis M
Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Facultad de Biología, CC, Ambientales y Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Policiales, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain.
Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Facultad de Biología, CC, Ambientales y Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Policiales, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain.
Sci Justice. 2017 May;57(3):199-208. doi: 10.1016/j.scijus.2017.02.004. Epub 2017 Feb 22.
The fingerprints of the Buenos Aires and Chubut provinces in Argentina have been studied, with the aim of knowing and quantifying the variability of these features, which are used in the identification process. The data studied for this research was obtained from 330 individuals, of both sexes, from two Argentinian population samples (170 individuals from Buenos Aires and 160 from Chubut), which amounts to a total of 3300 fingerprints. The different types of minutiae were located, identified, and visually quantified in four areas on the fingerprint. Two perpendicular axes were drawn whose intersection was located in the center of fingerprint. In addition, a circle was defined on these quadrants whose radius cut fifteen ridges. This method divides the fingerprints into four quadrants with two sectors apiece. The results obtained for both populations were compared statistically with those published previously for an Argentinian population sample, which had been collected using the same methodology. Therefore, Argentina becomes the country with the most information in this matter. For both populations, the highest frequencies were of ridge endings, followed by bifurcations and convergences. In this study of minutiae, statistically significant differences were found between the area of the fingerprint (inside and outside the circle), males and females, and types of main pattern for both samples. However, although the results show common patterns in the distribution of minutiae, there are also significant differences between populations. This reveals a significant ancestral and frequency effect of the minutiae, which would indicate that the minutiae are more genetically dependent than has been suspected so far. Furthermore, the non-equiprobability found for the frequency of the types of minutiae indicates that the weight provided by these characteristics is not the same when applied in identification processes, whether used quantitatively (numerical standard) or qualitatively (holistic method).
对阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯省和丘布特省的指纹进行了研究，目的是了解并量化这些用于身份识别过程的特征的变异性。本研究使用的数据来自330名来自阿根廷两个不同人群样本的个体（170名来自布宜诺斯艾利斯，160名来自丘布特），共计3300枚指纹。在指纹的四个区域对不同类型的细节特征进行了定位、识别和视觉量化。绘制了两条相互垂直的轴，其交点位于指纹中心。此外，在这些象限中定义了一个圆，其半径切割15条嵴线。该方法将指纹分为四个象限，每个象限有两个扇区。将这两个人群获得的结果与之前使用相同方法收集的阿根廷人群样本所公布的结果进行了统计学比较。因此，阿根廷成为在这方面拥有最多信息的国家。对于这两个人群，最高频率的是嵴线终点，其次是分叉和会合。在这项细节特征研究中，发现两个样本在指纹区域（圆内和圆外）、男性和女性以及主要纹型类型之间存在统计学显著差异。然而，尽管结果显示细节特征分布存在共同模式，但人群之间也存在显著差异。这揭示了细节特征具有显著的祖先和频率效应，这表明细节特征比迄今为止所怀疑的更具遗传依赖性。此外，细节特征类型频率的非等概率性表明，这些特征在身份识别过程中应用时，无论是定量使用（数值标准）还是定性使用（整体方法），所提供的权重并不相同。
